Oceans and Fisheries
What is the largest ocean on Earth?
What is the Pacific Ocean?
What is the main cause of cholera outbreaks?
Drinking contaminated water (contains the pathogen Vibrio Cholera)
How do windbreaks protect farmland and crops?
Rows of trees act as barriers to slow windspeed down and prevent topsoil from being blown away/protect plants from wind damage.
Are dolphins classified as fish or mammals?
Mammals
What is the term for the area of the ocean where light can still reach and photosynthesis can occur?
The euphotic zone
Typhoid is a fever caused by bacteria in contaminated food or water. Name the bacterium responsible.
Salmonella Tyhphi
Why does contour ploughing help prevent soil erosion on hillsides?
What special adaptation allows dolphins to come to the surface to breathe?
A blowhole
Phytoplankton --- Zooplankton --- Small fish --- Tuna --- Shark
Identify the secondary consumer
Small fish
How does the malaria parasite enter the human body, and what part of the body does it first infect?
Enters through the bite of an infected female mosquito and first infect liver cells (before red blood cells)
What are bunds and what is their main purpose?
Raised barriers built along contours of farmland to trap rainwater (and reduce erosion)
Dolphins feed on fish and squid, but are sometimes hunted by sharks or killer whales. In this food chain, identify the trophic level dolphins belong to.
Secondary or tertiary
Two ways to adjust fishing nets to be more sustainable
Cod end and square mesh panels
Explain how primary, secondary and tertiary treatment work together to make sewage safe.
Primary removes large solids
Secondary uses bacteria to break down organic matter
Tertiary (further cleans out chemicals and effluent)
A farmer on sloping, dry land wants to conserve both soil and water. Explain how combining contour ploughing, bunds, and windbreaks, would help achieve this.
Contour ploughing slows runoff, bunds trap and store rainwater, and windbreaks reduce wind erosion. (Together they maintain soil fertility and moisture retention.)
Dolphins use high-pitched clicks and whistles to find food and communicate. What is this process called?
Echolocation
During an El Nino event, what happens to ocean temperatures and how does this affect global weather patterns and fisheries?
Warmer than usual surface water in the Pacific Ocean, leading to droughts in some regions, floods in others, and a collapse or decrease in fishing and fish stocks because of less nutrient upwelling
A coastal city has limited freshwater but abundant seawater. Explain why reverse osmosis might be preferred over distillation.
Reverse osmosis is more energy efficient making it more practical for large scale desalination.
A farmer wants to maximize water efficiency on arid land. What type of irrigation method would be most suitable for the farmer?
Trickle-drip irrigation
What do you call a group of dolphins?
A pod