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The Work of Gregor Mendel
Probability and Punnett Squares
Exploring Mendelian Genetics
Meiosis
100
every living thing - plant or animal,microbe or human being - has a set of characteristics inherited from its parent or parents.
What is an inheritance?
100
likelihood that a particular event will occur
What is probability?
100
states that genes for different traits can segregate independently during the formation of gametes.
What is the principle of independent assortment?
100
process of reduction division in which the number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half through the separation of homologous chromosomes in a diploid cell.
What is the process of meiosis?
200
states that some alleles are dominant and others are recessive.
What is does the principle of dominance state?
200
diagram showing the gene combinations that might result from a genetic cross.
What is a punnett square?
200
situation in which both alleles of a gene contribute to the phenotype of the organism.
What is codominance?
200
process in which homologous chromosomes exchange portions of their chromatids during meiosis.
What is crossing-over?
300
During gamete formation, alleles segregate from each other so that each gamete carries only a single copy of each gene. Each F1 plant produces two types of gametes—those with the allele for tallness and those with the allele for shortness.
What happens during segregation?
300
one is physical characteristics of an organism and the other is the genetic makeup of an organism.
What is the difference between a phenotype and a genotype?
300
situation in which one allele is not completely dominant over another.
What is incomplete dominance?
300
structure containing 4 chromatids that forms during meiosis.
What is tetrad?
400
term used to describe organisms that produce offspring identical to themselves if allowed to self-pollinate.
What is true-breeding?
400
term used to refer to an organism that has two identical alleles for a particular trait.
What is homozygous?
400
trait controlled by two or more genes.
What is a polygenic trait?
400
The two cells produced by meiosis I now enter a second meiotic division.
What is meiosis 2?
500
process in sexual reproduction in which male and female reproductive cells join to form a new cell.
What is fertilization?
500
can be used to predict and compare the genetic variations that will result from a cross.
What is a way punnett squares can be used?
500
three or more alleles of the same gene.
What is multiple alleles?
500
Mitosis results in the production of two genetically identical diploid cells, whereas meiosis produces four genetically different haploid cells.
What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis?