Meaning & Nature
“A systematic, evidence-based study of past human actions, institutions, and ideas.”
History
In the historical method, what step involves evaluating the reliability and accuracy of sources?
Criticism
What sources include laws, census data, and court decisions?
Official Records
Which institution preserves archaeological, ethnographic, and historical artifacts in the Philippines?
National Museum of the Philippines
What type of criticism checks if a historical source is authentic and original?
External Criticism
“Using inquiry, travel, and interviews, he systematized historical study despite some legends.”
Herodotus of Halicarnassus
Which civilization’s historians wrote history to teach political lessons and guide citizens?
Rome
What sources include tools, monuments, art, and oral traditions when written records are limited?
Non-written Sources
What field studies material remains to reconstruct past societies?
Archaeology
What type of criticism evaluates the accuracy, credibility, and meaning of a historical source’s content?
Internal Criticism
What important thinking skills does the study of history develop?
Critical Thinking/ Analytical Skills
During which period was historiography dominated by religious interpretation, with chronicles emphasizing divine providence and moral lessons?
Middle Ages
What are original materials produced during the time under study that provide firsthand evidence?
Primary sources
What is the study of family lineages using historical records?
Genealogy
What test determines if a historical source is genuine and trustworthy?
Test of Authenticity
What can destroy historical sources and make the past difficult to fully recover?
Time, war, or natural disasters
Who sought to rationalize myths and organize historical and geographical knowledge?
Hecataeus of Miletus
What type of secondary source is commonly used in schools to study and interpret historical events?
Textbooks
Which Filipino historian studied Spanish colonial and religious history in the Philippines?
Dela Costa, Horacio, SJ
What aspects of a historical source are examined in external criticism, such as ink, paper, or writing medium?
Physical materials
What term describes how historians reconstruct the past based on evidence and their own perspectives?
Interpretation
Who compiled mythological genealogies that influenced later historians?
Melesagoras
What do students check in sources to see if perspectives influence the information?
Bias
Which Filipino historian popularized Philippine history through widely used textbooks that promoted nationalism?
Zaide, Gregorio F.
What do students develop by studying history that helps them understand their rights, duties, and role in society?
Informed citizenship