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Psychology General
Studies
DP
Key Terms
General
100
Psychology is the (blank) study of human behaviour and mental processes. (what word goes in the blank space?)
Psychology is the SCIENTIFIC study of human behaviour and mental processes.
100
What is the name of the variable that is measured in a study?
The dependent variable.
100

What does Paper 1 assess?

The core approaches to psychology (biological, cognitive, and sociocultural)

100
What is the definition of "psychology?"
The scientific study of human behaviour and mental processes.
100
The group in an experiment that receives a treatment that is expected to have an effect is called the ....(what)... group?
Treatment group
200
Psychology is the scientific study of behaviour and ...?
mental process / cognitive processes / cognition / internal processes (any of these terms is fine).
200
What is the name of the variable that is manipulated by the researcher/s in a study?
Independent variable
200

What does Paper 2 assess?

The option topics

200
When one variable increases, so does the other. What's this called?
A positive correlation.
200
What is it called when you give someone a treatment (e.g. pill or injection) that has no biological effects, but may have an effect if the person believes it will?
A placebo.
300
In psychology, is anecdotal or empirical evidence more valuable?
Empirical
300
What is the name given to a variable that might affect the dependent variable, but is not what the researchers are interested in studying?
Extraneous variable.
300

Which 2 option topics will we study?

Human relationships and abnormal psychology

300
When one variable increases, the other decreases. What is this called?
Negative correlation.
300
Name one part of the brain that we will study in Criminology in our second unit (at least one part of the brain was mentioned in activities in the workbook)
frontal lobe or prefrontal cortex are both acceptable answers, as is the amygdala.
400
In the scientific approach to studying psychology, after we gather data and form a hypothesis, what's the next step?
Test the hypothesis.
400
Why are laboratory experiments used to investigate causational relationships?
Because extraneous variables can be controlled in a laboratory, so the IV can be isolated as the only variable influencing the DV.
400

What do you need to do for your IA?

Work with a group to replicate an experiment

400
What is a "phenomenon" in psychology?"
Anything that is commonly observed, especially if there is some uncertainty about its origin. Basically, if people commonly act or think in a particular way, it probably has a name and is an example of a phenomenon.
400
Name one neurotransmitter (at least one was mentioned in activities in this introduction unit).
Serotonin. Others include acetylcholine and dopamine.
500
What is the difference between a mental process and a cognitive process?
There is none.
500
What are two reasons why we might not be able to conclude a causational relationship from a study?
1) There are too many extraneous or confounding variables. 2) We do not know the direction of the relationship in the study (i.e. which variable is affecting which).
500

Which HL extension will we study?

The biological extension (value of animal studies)

500
What is it called when we're not sure of the direction of influence in a relationship between two variables?
Bidirectional ambiguity
500

What does the abbreviation et al. stand for?

and others