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Psychology General
Experiments
Evaluation
Key Terms
General
100

True or false - psychology is a science but has not always been 

True

100
What is the name of the variable that is measured in a study?
The dependent variable.
100

What type of validity should you be concerned with if you worry that your method does not actually measure your variables?  

Content validity

100

What is the process of "redoing" an experiment 

replication 
100
The group in an experiment that receives a treatment that is expected to have an effect is called the ....(what)... group?
Treatment group
200
Psychology is the scientific study of behaviour and ...?
mental process / cognitive processes / cognition / internal processes (any of these terms is fine).
200
What is the name of the variable that is manipulated by the researcher/s in a study?
Independent variable
200
What type of validity are you discussing when asking if its findings could be used in every day circumstances? 

Ecological validtiy

200
When one variable increases, so does the other. What's this called?
A positive correlation.
200

A type of sampling that allows you to use your recruits to find more (possibly hidden) participants

Snowball


300

In quantitative psychology, is anecdotal or empirical evidence more valuable?

Empirical

300
What is the name given to a variable that might affect the dependent variable, but is not what the researchers are interested in studying?
Extraneous variable.
300

Why is one reason why it's important to understand the relationship between studies and theories?

One reason is because studies form the important pieces of evidence that support the theories in Quantitative research.  In qualitative research theories generate studies.  

300
When one variable increases, the other decreases. What is this called?
Negative correlation.
300
SM is one example of this method that draws data from one individual or a small group.  

Case study

400

What type of study would secretly observe people at an amusement park - from the shadows - in order to see how people respond to long queues. 

covert nonparticipatory naturalistic observation 

400
Why are laboratory experiments used to investigate causational relationships?
Because extraneous variables can be controlled in a laboratory, so the IV can be isolated as the only variable influencing the DV.
400

What is generalization in psychological studies? 

The extent of how the findings can be applied to a larger population beyond the original participants.  

400
What is a "phenomenon" in psychology?"
Anything that is commonly observed, especially if there is some uncertainty about its origin. Basically, if people commonly act or think in a particular way, it probably has a name and is an example of a phenomenon.
400

Name the three approaches we will analyze in IB psych. 

Biological, sociocultural, cognitive


500

What is the difference between a mental process and a cognitive process?

There is none.

500

What category of experiment is the only one that can fully control all issues of bias and establish causality? 

True experiment (possible for lab and field - field is very unlikely but theoretically possible).  

500

Explain why the ability to withdraw from a study is essential to maintain ethical principles.  

Study remains voluntary and the participant has the ability to decide with no consequence if they are capable or willing to perform the experiment without outside influence.  Respects participant as a human individual.  

500

What is the extent to which the environment and conditions of the study match what a participant encounters in the real world - related to ecological validity

mundane realism 

500

What is the forbidden word? 

Proof/Prove