Lexicology
What is lexicology?
Lexicology is the branch of linguistics that studies words and vocabulary of a language.
Main object of lexicology?.
Word
1. Types?
General, special, descriptive, historical.
What is meaning?
Idea of a word.
What is word formation?
It is the process of creating new words.
What does lexicology study?
It studies word meaning, structure, origin, and usage.
Features of a word?
Meaning, form, use.
General lexicology?
Vocabulary of different languages and the general rules of how words work
2. Types of meaning?
Lexical, grammatical.
What are the main ways of word formation?
Affixation (happy → unhappy)
Compounding (black + board = blackboard)
Conversion (to google)
What is a word?
A word is the smallest unit of language that has meaning and can function independently.
Word vs morpheme?
Word = a complete lexical or grammatical unit, it can contain one or more morphemes.
Morpheme =the smallest meaningful unit,it is a component of a word.
Special lexicology?
learns the vocabulary of one particular language
Lexical meaning?
main meaning or concept expressed by a word.
What is borrowing?
Taking words from other languages.
👉 Example: pizza (Italian), ballet (French)
What is vocabulary?
Vocabulary is the total number of words in a language.
Can a word have many meanings and what is this called?
Yes a word can have several meanings.This is called polysemy when the meanings are related to one another.
Descriptive lexicology?
the vocabulary of a language at a particular time, espeially its present state
Grammatical meaning?
Expresses a word`s grammatical function or relationship in a sentence
(Form/grammar meaning)
Why do words change over time?.
Because of culture, technology, and society.
Why is lexicology important?
It helps understand how words are formed, used, and change over time.
What is a lexical unit?
Word or phrase. It can be a single word,a compound word,or a fixed expression
Historical lexicology?
how words and their meanings changes over time.
Polysemy?
Many meanings.
Give an example of a new word? (foreign words)
selfie, blog, emoji,online,karaoke,piano