Phonetics and Phonology
The manner of articulation for a consonant where there is a complete closure of the oral tract before a burst of sound.
What is a stop (or plosive)?
A language where most morphemes are affixes contained within a single word is said to be this.
What is synthetic (or agglutinative)?
A word whose set of referents is entirely contained within the set of referents of another word.
What is a hyponym?
The idea that diachronic sound change is regular.
What is the Neogrammarian hypothesis?
Any consonants in a syllable after the nucleus.
What is the coda?
Two sounds that cannot appear in the same phonetic environment in a language are in this.
What is complementary distribution?
The rules that determine which syntactic categories can be placed together.
What are phrase structure rules?
A proposition that must be assumed to be true in order for an utterance to make sense.
What is a presupposition?
The procedure used to construct a proto-language.
What is the comparative method?
The measure of the song-like quality of a sound that determines its relative strength.
What is sonority?
Two words that are exactly the same except for one sound.
What is a minimal pair?
Groups of expressions within a larger phrase that form a syntactic unit.
What is a constituent?
A set of rules to be followed in order meet the standars of the Conversational Principle.
A sound change that always occurs regardless of phonetic environment.
What is unconditioned sound change?
A type of affix that attaches to both the beginning and end of a word.
What is a circumfix?
The natural class of stops, fricatives, and affricates.
What are obstruents?
A morphological pattern where a word or sounds within a word are repeated.
What is reduplication?
The relationship that exists between two propositions when the first being true always implies the second being true.
What is entailment?
Change in the sounds of vowels of English that occurred several hundred years ago.
What is the Great Vowel Shift?
Antonyms that are complete opposites and cannot occur in the same context (e.g., married and unmarried)
What is a complementary pair?
The name of a sound change where a sound increases in sonority.
What is weakening (or lenition)?
A type of morpheme that cannot exist as a word on its own.
What is a bound morpheme?
The mental image or representation a person has contributing towards the meaning of a linguistic expression?
What is sense?
Reconstruction of a prior form of a language based on analysis of the modern language.
What is internal reconstruction?
Features of sounds beyond the sounds themselves (e.g., stress, tone, sound length
What are suprasegmental features?