Describing Matter
Everything that has mass and takes up space
What is Matter
A substance that cannot be broken down into any other substances by physical or chemical means.
Which combination of the 4 different separation methods would you need to separate Iron fillings from Aluminum filings that are in a jar of water?
evaporation for the water and magnetic for the iron filings
What is the difference between Mass and Weight?
Weight: changes based on the pull of gravity where you are, ie. Earth, Mars, Moon etc.
Mass: is the matter you are made up of and it does not change depending on where you are.
A _____ material is not mixed with any other matter.
Pure
In chemistry a single kind of matter that that is pure is called a _______
substance
the smallest unit of matter; made of protons, neutrons and electrons.
An Atom
What are the 4 methods for separating matter and give an example for when you would use each?
Filtration; seperating NON-DISSOLVED solids from liquids
Magnetic; separating magnetic solids from non-magnetic ones
Evaporation; separating out DISSOLVED SOLIDS from a Liquid
Distillation; separating two or more liquids based off of their boiling point and condensation point.
SI stands for what? and give examples.
International System of Units (Internationally recognized standard units of measurement)
Used to measure
Mass: g or kg
Volume: ml or cc
Distance: m or km
_____ tells you the relationship between 2 or more things.
Ratio
A characteristic of a substance that relates to what can be seen or felt about the substance without changing it. Give an example.
physical property, melting point, boiling point, freezing point, texture, smell, conductor or not etc.
What is formed when 2 or more atoms are combined and remain connected? What is the classification given to the product of this?
a chemical bond
Honey, air and soy sauce are examples of_________? and Why?
Homogenous Mixtures: cannot be separated easily
What is the definition of density? and what do we use it for?
A measure of how much of a material is in a given space, (how loosely or tightly packed the molecules are in a substance)
Every element has its own density and we can measure density by dividing mass by volume. It is used to determine what element a sample is made up of and its purity.
H2O, CO2, and C12H22O11 are all examples of
chemical formulas
Name a chemical and physical property of Iron or Copper.
physical: can be melted and re-solidified into many shapes, strong, metallic etc.
Chemical: can be oxidized/rust, can be combined with other metals to make alloys like steel and coins.
what is formed when 2 or more atoms of different elements combine chemically? Give an example :)
A compound, CO2, H2O NH3 CH4
Give the definition of Heterogenous mixtures and 2 examples.
A mixture of atoms, molecules, ingredients etc. that can be easily separated from each other.
EX: Salad, Brocoli and carrots, veggies on a plate etc.
A chemical change is indicated by ______?
A change in color, a chemical reaction like giving off heat or taking in heat, a change in the molecular structure of a substance or a change in the substance.
The tarnishing of metal is an example of a(n) ____________________ change.
What is chemical
A characteristic of a substance that is used to describe its potential and ability to change into other substances that are different.
chemical property
If a beach ball floats and a baseball sinks, which one has a higher density?
What is Baseball
A _____ is a combination of 2 or more substances together in the same place but their atoms are not chemically bonded and they can be separated.
Mixture.
Give examples of physical changes and explain what a physical change does.
tearing a paper, crushing a rock, cutting some veggies etc.
It changes the size of shape, melts, evaporates, boils or freezes a substance etc, but does not change its chemical makeup.
a characteristic that belongs to a person or thing. *hint* **there are 2 types of these**
property/properties