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100

What is the optimum incubation temperature and atmosphere for most micro cultures?

35oC, with 5%CO2, with ADDED HUMIDITY for 24-48 hours

100
In the Gram stain, what is the primary stain?

Crystal violet

100

What would happen if you left the decolorizer on too long?

Gram positive bacteria would be pink

100

What is agar?

a seaweed extract used in solid media preparation

100

Which class of bacteria can grow in aerobic or anaerobic conditions?

Facultative anaerobes

100

Which type of media contains factors that give colonies distinct, recognizeable characteristics?

Differential media

100

Name the 3 types of hemolysis patterns and give a brief description.

Alpha  (partial)- green

Beta (complete) - clear

Gamma - NO hemolysis

100

Which genus of organisms are catalase positive?

Staphs

100

What 2 tests will be positive on the dipstick test of urine that indicate a culture should be done?

nitrite

leukocyte esterase

200

What type of differential stain is used most often in microbiology?

Gram stain

200

In the Gram stain, what is the counterstain?

Safranin

200

What type of culture is made using a specimen directly from the patient?

Primary

200

What is the generation time for E. coli?

20 minutes

200

Incubator chambers are ___________ because water is necessary for metabolic reactions.

humidified

200

What color are lactose fermenters on MacConkey?

purple or hot pink

200

Which medium is inhibitory?

Selective

200

Which organism is bile solubile?

Streptococcus pneumoniae

200

What is used to measure the turbidity of solutions set up for susceptibility testing?

McFarland standard

300

Which term describes a single species of bacteria that may have 2 different shapes?

pleomorphic

300

In the Gram stain, what role does alcohol/acetone play?

decolorizer

300

What type of culture is set up using one isolated colony from the primary culture?

subculture

300

What must obligate aerobes has for growth?

oxygen

300

Which bacteria requires the enrichment media Buffered Charcoal yeast extract for growth in culture?

Legionella pneumophila

300

Name 2 nonlactose fermenters on MacConkey.

Salmonella

Shigella

300

Which medium is used to preserve a specimen until it gets to the lab?

Transport media

300

Which test is used to differentiate S. aureus from other staph species?

Coagulase

300

The disk diffusion method used to determine antimicrobial susceptibility

Kirby-Bauer

400
List 2 ways smears may be fixed to slides before staining.

Heat

95% Methanol

400

In the Gram stain, which reagent serves as the mordant?

Gram's iodine

400

What begins with one single parent bacterial cell and multiplies many times until a visible pile forms?

colony

400

Which group of bacteria grow best in reduced oxygen?

microaerophiles

400

Which media contains crystal violet to inhibit gram positive cocci?

MacConkey

400

Which enrichment media contains heated blood?

Chocolate

400

Which media could be used to inhibit E. coli?

CNA

400

Lower UTIs of the bladder or urethra

What is cystitis?

400

What test can be used to confirm Candida albicans?

Germ-tube

500

What is the term used to describe the substance that combines with a dye to form an insoluble complex?

mordant

500

What would happen if you skipped the decolorizer step?

Gram negative bacteria would be purple

500

What term describes a growth of several colonies orginating from one colony?

Pure culture

500

Which group of bacteria are oxygen intolerant?

obligate anaerobes

500

Which media contains antibiotics (collistin nalidixic acid) that inhibit E. coli and other gram negative bacteria?

CNA

500

What 2 nutrients are found in Chocolate media?

X factor (hemin)

V factor (NAD)

500

Which enzyme breaks down hydrogen peroxide to oxygen and water?

catalase

500

Upper UTIs of the ureters and kidneys

pyelonephritis

500

What is the common name for Enterobius vermicularis?

pinworm