Sponges
What common name do we use for poriferans?
Sponges!
Name one animal that belongs to the cnidarians group.
Jellyfish / coral / sea anemone / hydra
What type of symmetry do worms have?
Bilateral symmetry
What three main body parts do molluscs have?
Head, muscular foot, and visceral mass.
Which invertebrates are important filter feeders that improve water quality?
Poriferans (sponges)
Where do poriferans live?
Attached to the sea floor!
What type of symmetry do cnidarians have?
Radial symmetry
Name one of the three main groups of worms.
Flatworms / roundworms / annelids
Which group of molluscs has two shells (valves)?
Bivalves
Why are coral reefs important ecosystems?
They provide habitat, food, and protection for many animals
Are poriferans sessile or mobile animals?
Sessile
What are the venom-injecting cells in cnidarians called?
Cnidocytes (or cnidoblasts)
How do terrestrial worms usually breathe?
Through their skin (cutaneous respiration)
What is the name of the spiky tongue used by many molluscs to eat?
Radula
What does it mean that corals are “indicator species”?
If they die, it shows the ecosystem is unhealthy
What is the name of the hole where waste leaves the sponge?
Osculum
What are the two body forms that cnidarians alternate between?
Polyp and medusa
How can worms reproduce both sexually and asexually?
Sexually through fertilization and asexually by fragmentation
How do cephalopods move quickly through the water?
By expelling water through a siphon (jet propulsion)
Name two human activities that threaten invertebrates.
Pollution, overfishing, ocean mining, habitat destruction
Describe two characteristics that show poriferans are very simple animals.
They have no true tissues or organs, and no nervous system or muscles (also acceptable: simple responses, filter feeders, skeleton made of spicules)
Describe the alternation of generations in cnidarians.
Sexual reproduction produces a polyp from a zygote, and the polyp reproduces asexually to produce medusae.
Why are worms important for soil health?
They decompose organic matter, release nutrients, and provide oxygen to the soil.
Describe cephalopod reproduction.
Why are jellyfish increasing in number despite climate change?
Because they have few predators and are less affected than other animals.