Weathering
Rock Sizes & Types
Erosion & Deposition
Grand Canyon Rocks & Layers
Models & Labs
100
What does weathering mean?
The breaking of rocks into smaller pieces
100
Do smaller or larger particles get eroded farther by wind and/or water?
smaller
100
Why does slow moving water struggle to push larger rocks like course sand, gravel, pebbles, cobble, and boulders?
The force of the water determines the distance rocks can move. Slow water means small materials like clay, silt, and fine sand move the farthest.
100
In the Grand Canyon layered cake metaphor, what landforms are the knife, the entire cake, and the slice?
river = knife , plateau = cake , canyon = slice
100
This model showed how sediments are sorted by water.
stream table
200
Rocks can weather physically and what other way?
chemically
200
What is the smallest rock size according to the sizing guide?
Clay
200
What is the difference between erosion and deposition?
Erosion carries the sediment, while deposition settles the sediment
200
How many main families of rocks were at the Grand Canyon?
3 (shale, sandstone, limestone)
200
We used which item to represent rocks breaking due to frost wedging?
glass bottles
300
When rocks weather through abrasion, what is happen to the rocks?
They are bumping and rubbing together in order to break
300
Which rock fizzed when acid was added to it?
Limestone
300
Which rock layers will erode away first?
The top layers. At the Grand Canyon this is Kaibab and Toroweap limestone
300
Which colored rock layer would've been above the middle column before it was weathered and eroded away?
tan/orange
300
The ongoing class basin model is a representation of what process?
Deposition (settling of sediment)
400
Frost wedging cause what kind of damage to our roadways?
potholes
400
How do boulders become the size of sand?
Weathering
400
Why can't deposition occur during a strong storm?
Wind and rain are causing the water or basin to move to much which doesn't allow for sediments to settle
400
Why do the walls of the Grand Canyon appear to have stripes?
Rocks are different colored layers stacked on top of one another stretching for miles
400
Name at least two landforms that formed in the stream table after initially starting with a plateau.
Canyon, river, delta
500
Rock falls are example of what kind of weather?
abrasion
500
What is the name of the rock sizing guide?
Wentworth Scale
500
What two variables would determine how much the river has eroded the rock in that million years?
the amount of water and the type of rocks
500
Based on the fossils found in the Grand Canyon rocks, what is one environment that must have been in the region millions of years ago before the Arizona desert we know today?
marine (ocean/sea)=shells in limestone or swamp/marsh = leaves in shale
500
Adding acid to limestone was a model for what type of weathering?
acid rain (chemical weathering)