People
Coined the term "muckraker"
Who was President Roosevelt?
Established limitations in the ability of public officials to sue for defamation
What was New York Times v. Sullivan?
1914-1955
What was the period of the "dark ages" of investigative journalism?
A starting point that investigative journalists use to gather data. Also a hallmark of the Scientific Method
What is a hypothesis?
Reported on Chicago meat packing plants
Who was Upton Sinclair?
Often called the "Pentagon Papers" case, this 1971 Supreme Court case defended the First Amendment right of free press against prior restraint by the government.
What was New York Times Co. v. United States
1902-1912
What marked the beginning of the "golden age of public service journalism"?
A central tenet of investigative journalism that dates back to its origins during the Progressive Era in the U.S.
What is social justice / accountability?
Went undercover in a mental ward
Who was Nellie Bly?
Convicted of stealing tens of millions of dollars from New York City taxpayers
What was the trial of Boss Tweed?
Early 1900s
Information-gathering procedure used in investigative journalism that sets it a part from other forms of journalism
Systematic in-depth research
Exposed watergate
Who were Woodward and Bernstein?
Ruled that prior restraint was unconstitutional
What was the New York Times Co. v. United States case?
Early 1800s
When was investigative journalism not widely circulated and propagandistic?
Reported on lynching for African-American newspapers
Who was Ida B. Wells?
Early 1700s case where the defendant was sued for seditious libel
What was Crown v. John Zenger?
End of the 1800s
When did publications shift from partisan interests to more commercial interests?