Fields of I/O Psychology
This field involves analyzing jobs, recruiting applicants, selecting employees, and evaluating employee performance
Personnel Psychology.
He wrote The Theory of Advertising in 1903 and is considered a pioneer of I/O Psychology.
Walter Dill Scott
This series of investigations was conducted at the Western Electric Hawthorne Works in Chicago, from the late 1920s to the early 1930s.
The Hawthorne Effect
This is a planned, long-term effort to improve an organization's effectiveness and overall health.
Organizational development.
An I/O psychologist identifies the need for this and designs programs to improve employee competencies.
Training and development.
This field addresses issues of leadership, employee motivation, and organizational communication
Organizational Psychology
This pioneer emphasized the efficiency and optimization of work processes through the application of scientific methods, a concept known as Taylorism.
Frederick Taylor.
This phenomenon refers to individuals modifying their behavior or performance merely because they know they are being observed.
The Hawthorne Effect
This type of intervention focuses on improving the skills of those in leadership positions
Leadership development.
An I/O psychologist can design and optimize these, as well as work-life balance.
Jobs and work quality.
This field focuses on workplace design, human-machine interaction, and physical fatigue.
Human Factors
This pioneer promoted the use of mental tests to measure individual differences, which laid the groundwork for employee selection and assessment.
James Cattell.
The Hawthorne studies aimed to explore the relationship between working conditions and this.
Employee productivity.
This field, which emerged in the 1960s and 1970s, emphasizes collaboration, employee participation, and organizational change.
Organizational Development (OD).
Besides working with employees, an I/O psychologist can also assess these to help with marketing strategies.
Consumer preferences and customer satisfaction.
This field is concerned with conflict management and group processes within an organization.
Organizational Psychology
This person's work on group dynamics and change management significantly shaped the field in the mid-20th century and introduced the concept of action research.
Kurt Lewin
The studies found that productivity remained high even when changes to work conditions were reversed and conditions returned to their original state.
The changes to work conditions.
This is a systematic intervention in an organization's processes, people, and structures.
Interventions
A psychologist in this field addresses issues related to recruitment, selection, motivation, and the quality of this.
Work life.
In this field, a psychologist would be concerned with ergonomics.
Human Factors.
The contributions of psychologists to personnel selection, training, and morale assessment during these wars led to the development of methods for assessing individual differences and enhancing organizational functioning.
World War I and II.
This person conducted the Hawthorne studies.
Elton Mayo
This is one of the key interventions used in organizational development
Team building, conflict resolution, change management, culture transformation, strategic planning, performance management, employee engagement programs, or diversity, equity & inclusion initiatives.
An I/O psychologist formulates and implements these programs while also evaluating their effectiveness.
Training programs