Valence Electrons
What are valence electrons?
The electrons in the outermost energy level of an atom
What type of bond occurs when electrons are transferred between atoms?
Ionic Bond
What type of elements do ionic bonds occur between?
Metals and Nonmetals
What type of elements are involved in a covalent bond?
nonmetals only (nonmetal and nonmetal)
Write the correct chemical formula for Gallium Sulfide.
Ga2S3
How can you determine how many valence electrons an element has?
The group number that an element is in determines number of valence electrons.
What type of bond is formed when electrons are shared between atoms?
Covalent Bond
The attraction between the cation and anion.
How are covalent bonds formed?
Valence electrons are shared between two or more atoms to bond them together.
Write the correct compoud name for N3Cl.
Trinitrogen Monochloride
Why do group 1 elements easily bond with group 17 elements?
Group 1 elements lose one valence electron and group 17 elements gain one valence electron.
What is defined as the temperature that a substance must reach in order to melt?
Melting Point
1. Do metals always gain or lose electrons? What type of ion do they form as a result?
2. Do nonmetals always gain or lose electrons? What type of ion do they form as a result?
2. Nonmetals-gain-anion
When naming a covalent compound, what must be included to indicate the subscript of each atom?
Prefixes
Write the correct name for Al2O3.
What type of models are used to show the activity of valence electrons during chemical bonding?
Lewis Dot Models
What is an ion?
An atom with an overall charge of either positive or negative.
List 3 properties of ionic bonds.
Transfer of electrons; strong bonds; high melting point; high boiling point; conductive in a solution; produces salts and crystalline solids
(Any of these 3 will work)
List three properties of covalent bonds.
Shared electrons; weak bonds; low boiling point; low melting point; low conductivity; create common liquids and gases
Write the correct formula for Diboron Tetrasilicide
B2Si4
Why are valence electrons important?
They are involved in chemical bonding. They are either lost or gained by atoms in ionic bonds or shared between atoms in covalent bonds.
What is formed when two or more elements bond together through a chemical reaction, creating a new substance with new properties?
A compound
In the chemical compound K2Se, what was the ionic charge of Se?
-2 charge
List the 10 prefixes and the correct subscript that they match.
Mono-1; Di-2; Tri-3; Tetra-4; Penta-5; Hexa-6; Hepta-7; Octa-8; Nona-9; Deca-10
1. Write the correct name for B6Si2.
2. Write the correct formula for Rubidium Telluride.
1. Hexaboron Disilicide
2. Rb2Te