Molecular Compounds
CCl4
What is carbon tetrachloride
What is a non-polar covalent bond?
Increases for representative elements from top to bottom of the periodic table (more electrons means more shells)
What is atomic radius?
Potassium Iodide
What is KI?
Carbon monoxide
What is CO?
Nitrogen, Oxygen, Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine, and Hydrogen are all ________ molecules.
What is diatomic?
What is a polar covalent bond?
A bond where electrons are shared unequally.
As the distance from the nucleus to the valence electrons increases, the ____________ decreases
What is ionization energy?
The formula for Gold(III) Hydroxide
What is Au(OH)3?
Sn(HPO4)2
The formula for ammonia is this
What is NH3?
How do we determine polarity?
Look at the Electronegativity
________ are on the left side of the periodic table and ________ are on the right side of the periodic table.
What are metals and non-metals?
Ca3(PO4)2
What is calcium phosphate?
Pentafluorine trioxide
What is the name for F5O3?
SF6
What is the formula for sulfur hexafluoride?
A non-polar and polar covalent bond occurs between what?
Nonmetals
________________ value of an element indicates the attraction of an atom for the shared electrons in a bond.
What is electronegativity?
What is the name for CsClO?
Cesium Hypochlorite
(NH4)2SO3
What is the formula for ammonium sulfite?
Occurs when atoms share two pairs of electrons
What is a double bond?
Which has a greater electronegativity difference: Non-polar or polar?
Polar
This element has the most electronegativity
What is fluorine?
Fe(HSO3)3
What is the formula for Iron(III) hydrogen sulfite?
P3O7
N2 has this type of bond.
What is a triple bond?
What is the separation of charges in a polar bond called?
Dipole
Of these elements which has the largest atomic radii: Br, Ca, K, Rb, Sr, or I
What is Mn(ClO)2?
Carbon dioxide
What is CO2?
What occurs when atoms share 3 pairs of electrons?
What is the range of electronegativity values that predicts the bond is polar covalent?
Which has more electronegativity: C or O?
What is Oxygen?
Name this compound Ag2S
CBr4
What is carbon tetrabromide
This type of bond has the longest bond length
what is a single bond?
Identify the main type of attractive forces that are present in liquids of the following compounds: Ionic bonds, dipole-dipole, hydrogen bonds, or dispersion forces.
NCl3
CO2
NH3
NaBr
O2
NCl3 Nitrogen Trichloride - dipole-dipole forces
CO2 Carbon dioxide - Dipole-dipole forces
NH3 Ammonia - hydrogen bonds
NaBr Sodium Bromide - Ionic bonds
O2 Oxygen - dispersion forces
Put these in order from least electronegative to most electronegative: Cl (3.0), F (4.0), Br (2.8), N (3.0), Li (1.0), Na (0.9), Ca (1.0), and Mg (1.2). The electronegativity values are in parenthesis.
Na, Ca, Li, Mg, Br, N, Cl, F
Write the formula for calcium hydrogen sulfate.
Ca(HSO4)2
Beryllium periodate
what is Be(IO4)2
This type of bond is between two non-metals.
What is a covalent bond?
This is how we can tell if a molecule is polar, non-polar, or ionic. (think electronegativity)
By comparing the electronegativity values of each component of the molecule to each other. If the electronegativity is similar or equal it is non-polar, if the electronegativity is slightly different then it is polar, and if the electronegativity is very different it is ionic.
What is electronegativity?
What is the formula for ammonium dihydrogen phosphate?
NH4H2PO4
What is the name of this compound: S5Cl9
What is pentasulfur nonachloride?
The formula for disulfur octachloride
What is S2Cl8?
Explain the differences in melting points of the different forces.
Weak forces such as dispersion forces have lower melting point due to molecules not being held as tightly together so it is easier to change from solid to liquid.
Stronger attractive forces such as hydrogen bonds have a higher melting point because it takes more energy to pull the molecules apart.
Ionic compounds have the highest melting point because of the strong attractive forces between ions.
What are all of the periodic trends and how do they trend on the periodic table?
Ionization energy - increases left to right and bottom to top (Highest top right)
Electron affinity - same as ionization energy
Metallic character - highest bottom left
atomic radius - largest bottom left. Decreases left to right. increase down the groups
electronegativity - increases left to right and bottom to top. Highest top right. Fluorine has the highest.
What is the name of this compound: Cr(HCO3)3
What is chromium (III) bicarbonate
What is the name for this compound: Al2(HPO4)3