Types of Bonds
Bond Properties
Chemical Naming Conventions
Polyatomic Ions
Miscellaneous
100
Which element reacts with oxygen to form ionic bonds?
A) calcium
B) hydrogen
C) chlorine
D) nitrogen
A) calcium
100
Atoms of metals tend to
A) lose electrons and form negative ions
B) lose electrons and form positive ions
C) gain electrons and form negative ions
D) gain electrons and form positive ions
Metals are located on the left hand side of PTable
Ex. Na, Mg, Ca
These tend to lose electrons such as 2-8-1 --> 2-8 for a full outermost shell
Losing electron = more positively charged = positive ion
Ex. Na --> Na+
B) lose electrons and form positive ions
100
Given the chemical formula: CaH2
Write the chemical name
Ca has only one possible charge
No Roman Numerals!
Calcium hydride
100
What is represented by the dots in a Lewis electron- dot diagram of an atom of an element in Period 2 of the Periodic Table?
(1) the number of neutrons in the atom
(2) the number of protons in the atom
(3) the number of valence electrons in the atom
(4) the total number of electrons in the atom
(3) the number of valence electrons in the atom
100
Which element, when combined with a nonmetal to form an ionic compound, requires a Roman numeral?
A) Ni
B) Ga
C) Rh
D) Ta
A) Ni
More than one possible charge!
200
An ionic compound is formed when there is a reaction between the elements
A) strontium and chlorine
B) hydrogen and chlorine
C) nitrogen and oxygen
D) sulfur and oxygen
Ionic compound = metal and nonmetal
A) strontium and chlorine
200
A substance that does not conduct electricity as a solid but does conduct electricity when melted is most likely classified as
A) an ionic compound
B) a molecular compound
C) a metal
D) a nonmetal
A) an ionic compound
Solid ionic compounds do NOT conduct electricity. Yet, if dissolved in water (aq) OR melted = molten, CAN conduct electricity!
200
What is the chemical formula for iron(III) oxide?
Fe3+ O2-
Fe2O3
200
Which changes occur as a cadmium atom, Cd,
becomes a cadmium ion, Cd2+?
(1) The Cd atom gains two electrons and its radius
decreases.
(2) The Cd atom gains two electrons and its radius
increases.
(3) The Cd atom loses two electrons and its radius
decreases.
(4) The Cd atom loses two electrons and its radius
increases
(3) The Cd atom loses two electrons and its radius
decreases.
200
Which statement describes what occurs as two atoms of bromine combine to become a molecule of bromine?
A) Energy is absorbed as a bond is formed.
B) Energy is absorbed as a bond is broken.
C) Energy is released as a bond is formed.
D) Energy is released as a bond is broken.
Correct Answer: C)
Bromine atoms are combining to FORM a bond.
Energy gets released!
(Break In Make Out)
300
Is this an exothermic or endothermic reaction?
Break bonds, energy IN (absorb)
endothermic reaction
Have to put energy in to break bonds
300
Draw the Lewis electron-dot diagram represents a
iodide ion
Iodine should have 8 electrons around.
Bracket with -1 charge
300
A neutral atom with the electron configuration
2-6 would most likely form a bond with an atom
having the configuration
(1) 2
(2) 2-2
(3) 2-8
(4) 2-8-8
(2) 2-2
300
In the formula X2(SO4)3, the X represents a metal. This metal could be located on the Periodic Table in
A) Group1
B) Group 2
C) Group 13
D) Group 14
Reverse criss-cross method
X3+ SO4 2-
C) Group 13
300
Explain the difference between ...
Nitride and Nitrate
Nitride = N
Nitrate = polyatomic ion = NO3 -
400
What is the Lewis electron–dot diagram for the sulfide ion?
Sulfur = 2-8-6
Gain 2 more electrons --> 2-8-8 = full outermost shell
B) Sulfide ion = S2-
400
A solid substance was tested in the laboratory. The test results are listed below.
• dissolves in water
• is an electrolyte (conducts electricity in aq solution)
• melts at a high temperature
Based on these results, the solid substance could be
A) Ni
B) MgBr2
C) C
D) C6H12O6
B) MgBr2
IONIC compounds are electrolytes = conducts electricity in water (aq)!
have HIGH MP and BPs
400
An atom represented by X forms a compound with the formula X3N2. The atom could be
Reverse Criss-cross
X2+ N3-
Look on the PTable for a 2+ charge
Mg = Group 2!
B) Mg
400
What is the chemical formula for sodium sulfate?
Sulfate = SO4 2-
Na+ SO4 2-
Na2SO4
400
Element X reacts with iron to form two different compounds with the formulas FeX and Fe2X3 . To which group on the Periodic Table does element X belong?
FeX = Fe2+ X2-
Fe2X3 = Fe3+ X2-
-2 = Group 16 !
500
When sodium and fluorine combine to produce the compound NaF, the ions formed have the same electron configuration as atoms of
A) argon, only
B) neon, only
C) both argon and neon
D) neither argon nor neon
B) neon, only
Na+ = 2-8 = Ne
F- = 2-8 = Ne
500
Which of the following has the shortest bond length?
(1) H–H
(2) C=C
(3) O=O
(4) C–C
(5) C≡C
(5) C≡C
500
What is the chemical formula for lead(IV) oxide?
Pb4+ O2-
PbO2
500
Which formula represents strontium phosphate?
Phosphate = PO4 3-
A) SrPO4
B) Sr3PO8
C) Sr2(PO4)3
D) Sr3(PO4)2
Sr2+ PO4 3-
D) Sr3(PO4)2
500
Ammonia, NH3(g), is a compound that is used to manufacture fertilizer for agriculture. This gas is produced by a reaction between nitrogen gas, N2(g), and hydrogen gas, H2(g). During this reaction, bonds are both broken and formed. Bond energy is the amount of energy required to break one mole (mol) of bonds between atoms in the gas phase. The bond energy of an H–H bond is 436 kilojoules per mole.
a) Identify the noble gas that has atoms in the ground state with the same electron configuration as the nitrogen atom in a molecule of ammonia.
b) Determine the energy required to break all of the bonds in 0.5 moles of H–H bonds in the H2(g).
a) Neon
b) 436 x 0.5 = 218