Ions
What is an ion?
An ion is a charged atom, compound, or molecule?
Ions form because of the rule of ___________
What does an electrolyte do in a fluid?
Electrolytes allow electricity to flow in a fluid.
What is the chemical formula for hydronium?
H3O+
Hos does a nonvolatile solute affect freezing point and boiling point?
Freezing point drops and B.P. increases?
What type of pet and how many can you find in Mr. Powers' house?
Double Ruff!
Double: names?
Freezing Point of water
0C0
What is a solution?
A homogenous mixture!
The separation of ions when a solid dissolves is called
Dissociation
What must be true about an electrolyte in order for it to allow electricity to flow?
In order for an electrolyte to allow electricity to flow it must be dissociated or dissolved.
Describe H+ at a subatomic and why it is positively charged.
It is a single proton stripped of it's electron!
Why does the addition of a solute change freezing point.
Solutes interfere with the crystaline or other structures when solids form.
Why do ionic compounds like NaCl drop freezing point more than molecular compounds?
What sport is Mr. Powers terrible at?
Hint: this is why is Mr. Powers has a dead a\ front tooth.
Baseball. PAY ATTENTIOn!
Boiling point of water.
100C0
What happens to the amount of saturation of CO2 dissolved as gas when the partial pressure of the gas is tripled above the solution.
The concentration is tripled
Name the Law that states this?
What is a net ionic equation?
An equation that only includes compounds and ions involved in the chemical equation.
What are the other compounds called?
What is an electrolyte?
An electrolyte is a substance that gives ions when dissociated or dissolved.
Why does H2O and H+ form H3O+?
Because H2O is polar.
What does colligative Property mean?
A property that has nothing to do with the nature of the substance, only the amount of the substance.
What is Mr. Powers' version of kryptonite that he is utterly powerless to resist?
Cinnamon!
Double: Unless...
What are the units of Kfreezing and Kboiling?
0C/m
Double: Which is positive and which is negative?
How can you decide if you have a solution, a colloid, or a suspension?
A solution will not scatter light, a colloid will scatter light, and in a suspension, solid particles will settle out.
What is ionization?
The FORMATION of ions by the solvent.
Why do dissociated solutions allow electricity to flow?
Dissociated solutions allow electricity to flow because they have mobile cations and ions
Where must an H+ ion come from in water?
It must come from H20
Why do dissociated ionic compounds like salt, NaCL, decrease freezing points more than non ionic solutions like Sugar.
When sugar dissolves 1 moles of sugar is still 1 mole of sugar per kg. When 1 mole of Salt dissolves, NaCl, we up with 1 mole of Na+ AND 1 mole of Cl- which interferes with freezing approximately twice as much!
What type of food does Mr. Powers not eat.
Fruit.
Double: Why?
If the units for K are 0C/m and m = mol/kg what unit COULD we use instead of 0C/m?
0C.kg/mol
What is the Tyndall effect?
The scattering of light by colloid particles.
What is the difference between dissociation and ionization?
Ionization forms ions where there were none beforehand while dissociation ions separate.
Name H3O+
Hydronium!
If H+ must ionize from H2O what new compound must it leave instead of H2O?
OH-
What is osmosis and when does it occur?
The movement of solvent through a semipermeable membrane from the side of low solute concentration to high solute concentration which occurs when solutions of different concentrations are separated by a semipermeable membrane.
Why does Mr. Powers have so many issues?
His mother forgot or left him many times in many places, like when he fell out of the car and she kept driving and his brothers said, "we told you mom, he fell out way back there. OR, when she left him at a grocery store and went home and made dinner without him, OR she left him at a dark lonely park and went home to make dinner, or....
What does Kf and Kb stand for?
Kf and Kb stand for molal freezing point constant and molal boiling point constant.
What are the units of molalaity, m and Molarity M
molaltiy, m = mol/kg and molarity, M = mol/L