scientific term
Electrons found in the outermost energy level of an atom.
Valence Electrons
NaCl
Sodium Chloride
What happens to the metal atom in ionic bond formation?
The metal atom loses electrons and becomes a positively charged ion (cation).
How do you write the formula of an ionic compound?
Write the symbol of the cation first, then the anion, and balance the charges to make the compound neutral.
What is ionic bonding?
Ionic bonding is the electrostatic attraction between positively charged ions (cations) and negatively charged ions (anions) resulting from the transfer of electrons.
Shows the arrangement of valence shell electrons.
Lewis structure
BeS
beryllium sulfide
What happens to the non-metal atom in ionic bond formation?
The non-metal atom gains electrons and becomes a negatively charged ion (anion).
What is lattice energy?
Lattice energy is the energy released when gaseous ions combine to form an ionic solid, indicating bond strength.
How are ions formed?
Ions are formed when atoms lose or gain electrons. Metals typically lose electrons to become cations, and non-metals gain electrons to become anions.
The measure of an atoms attraction for electrons
Electronegativity
AlF3
Aluminum Fluoride
What is an example of an ionic bond?
Sodium chloride (NaCl) is a classic example, where Na loses one electron and Cl gains one electron.
How does ionic radius affect bonding?
Smaller ions can get closer together, increasing the electrostatic force and bond strength.
What types of elements form ionic bonds?
Ionic bonds generally form between metals and non-metals.
Bonding that involves the transfer of electrons.
Ionic Bonding
Cu3N2
Copper (II) Nitride
Why do metals lose electrons easily?
Metals have few electrons in their outer shell and low ionization energy, making it easier to lose electrons.
Can ionic compounds conduct electricity in solid form?
No, because ions are fixed in the lattice and cannot move freely.
What is the octet rule in ionic bonding?
Atoms tend to lose or gain electrons to have a full outer shell of 8 electrons, achieving stability.
An atom that has become charged due to the loss or gain of electrons.
Ion
CrP2
chromium (VI) phosphide
Why do non-metals gain electrons?
Non-metals have high electronegativity and tend to gain electrons to complete their outer shell.
What role do electrons play in ionic bonding?
Electrons are transferred from one atom to another, resulting in ion formation and bonding due to attraction.
What type of ionic compound has only 2 different atoms bonded together?
binary ionic compound