IPE3
For a PA oblique C-spine projection, how much do we angle the x-ray tube?
CR angled 15-20 degrees caudad towards C4
What anatomy is BEST DEMONSTRATED on an AP Axial C-spine projection?
1. C3-T2
2. interpediculate disc spaces
3. superimposed transverse and articular processes
4. intervertebral disc spaces.
CR location for AP T-spine Projection?
perpendicular to T7. IR 1-1/2 inches above shoulder.
what anatomy is BEST DEMONSTRATED on an AP L-spine projection?
1. lumbar bodies
2. intervertebral disc spaces
3. interpediculate spaces
4. lamina
5. spinous/transverse processes.
what position BEST DEMONSTRATES the SI joints?
AP L-spine or AP Axial Lumbosacral junction and sacroiliac joints (Ferguson method).
which foramen are closer to the image receptor on an AP Oblique C-spine Projection?
the intervertebral foramina and pedicles FARTHEST from the IR.
CR location for AP Axial Oblique C-spine projection?
CR angled 15-20 degree's cephalad to C4
CR location for lateral T-spine Projection?
angled or perpendicular to T7
CR location for AP L-spine projection?
perpendicular to L4 (iliac crest).
what is CR location for lumbosacral spine projection, versus lumbar spine projection?
Lumbosacral: perpendicular to L4 (iliac crest)
Lumbar spine: 1.5 inches above L4 (iliac crest).
how do you know that an AP Axial C-spine projection is properly positioned?
1.Open Disk spaces,
2. spinous processes centered.
3.mandible not superimposing C3-C4.
CR location for PA Axial Oblique C-spine projection?
CR angled 15-20 degree's caudad to C4
How much do we angle, if needed, for males/females on a Lateral recumbent T-spine projection?
Males: 15 degrees' cephalad
Females: 10 degrees cephalad.
CR location for Lateral L-spine Projection?
perpendicular or angled to L4 (iliac crest).
angle 5 degrees caudad for males.
angle 8 degree's caudad for females.
what is lordosis?
any abnormal increase in anterior convexity of the lumbar/cervical spine.
CR location for a Lateral C-spine Projection?
perpendicular C4
CR location for AP Open Mouth (Odontoid)?
perpendicular, mid mouth
How do you know an AP- L-spine projection is properly positioned?
1. AP view of lumbar bodies
2. intervertebral disc spaces
3. transverse processes in profile.
4. spinous processes centered, vertebral column aligned to IR.
For the Oblique lumbar spine projection, RPO/LPO, which zygapophyseal joints are best demonstrated?
RPO: right zygapophyseal joint
LPO: left zygapophyseal joint.
CR location for AP Axial C-spine Projection?
CR angled 15-20 degree's cephalad to C4
what anatomy is BEST DEMONSTRATED on an AP T-spine Projection?
1.Thoracic vertebral bodies
2. Intervertebral disc spaces
3. transverse processes.
4. costovertebral articulations
what position of the L-spine best demonstrated intervertebral foramen?
Lateral L-spine for L1-L4
Oblique for L5
How do you know if an AP T-spine projection is properly positioned?
1. SC joints symmetrical
2. Open Disk spaces
3. spinous processes centered, vertebral column aligned to IR.