IP2F
If a patient is diagnosed with a hip fracture that requires surgery, what exam would the radiographer be required to perform?
supine chest x-ray
when the leg is fully extended, the correct anatomical location of the patella is_______?
superimposed over the medial aspect of the distal femur.
which cervical vertebrae projection demonstrates the spinous processes as elevated and widely separated?
lateral C-spine, hyperflexion method.
for a PA axial oblique projection, RAO position of the C-spine, the CR should be directed toward the entry point at an angle of _________?
15-20 degrees caudad to C4
what is: abnormally increased anterior convexity (posterior concavity) of the cervical and lumbar spine
lordosis.
where are the greater and lesser trochanters located on an AP hip projection?
greater trochanter is lateral
lesser trochanter is medial
the cervical intervertebral foramina project anteriorly at a _____ angle?
45 degrees
for a lateral c-spine projection, swimmers method, which of the following procedures are true?
1. patient is placed in lateral recumbent or erect
2. use 40 inch SID
3. and CR 3-5 caudad
according to Merril's, the recommended kVp for an AP and oblique C-spine projection is______?
85 kVp
the opening through which the spinal cord passes through.
where are the greater and lesser trochanters located on an AP cleaves hip?
greater trochanter is lateral
lesser trochanter is medial
the SID for a lateral C-spine projection must be a minimum of how many inches?
60-70 inches
which of the following procedures would be performed for a lateral c-spine projection, simmers method, to demonstrate the cervicothoracic region?
1. raise hand and arm closest to the IR
2. rotate remote shoulder farthest from the receptor posteriorly.
for the AP axial projection of the C-spine, to best demonstrate intervertebral disc spaces, the CR should be directed______?
15-20 degrees cephalad to C4
what position of lumbar spine, and thoracic spine, best demonstrate intervertebral foramen?
1. lateral L-spine
2. Lateral T-spine.
what number ribs are best demonstrated on a lower rib projection?
ribs 8-12
what are the position instructions for a lateral C-spine projection?
1. patient may be erect or supine
2. shoulders depressed as much as possible.
according to Merril's, the kVp for a lateral C-spine is_____?
85 kVp
how do we know an AP Axial C-spine projection is properly positioned?
1. C3-T2 in profile
2. open intervertebral disc spaces
3. spinous processes centered
4. mandible not superimposing C3-C4
what is the tube angle for Lateral T-spine projections if needed?
1. 10 degrees cephalad for females
2. 15 degrees cephalad for males.
the lateral projection of the femur will demonstrate_______?
1. femoral head within acetabulum
2. femoral neck not foreshortened.
3. femoral condyles superimposed.
where is the CR directed for a lateral cervical spine?
C4
to demonstrate the left intervertebral foramina of the C-spine, in which position is the patient placed in?
what is: abnormally increased anterior convexity (posterior concavity) in the thoracic curvature
kyphosis
what is the tube angle for a lateral L-spine projection if needed?
1. 8 degrees caudad for females
2. 5 degrees caudad for males.