Patient Centered Care
What is the patient's role?
active (patient talks and asks questions)
What is visual privacy?
explaining why (adequate undress), offering suitable draping, stepping out while client disrobes, asking for consent before making physical contact and considering using a chaperone.
What is non-verbal communication?
Everything except the words (eye contact, body posture, physical proximity, gestures, appearance, facial expressions,paralanguage (ie. tone, speed, volume etc))
What are limitations to consent?
age, impairments, health literacy, language or other communication barriers
reason 1
continuously updated experience/knowledge
Is the patient the recipient of or the partner in the treatment plan?
partner
What are other ways of privacy?
What are the benefits of eye contact?
-rapport building
-correlated to empathy
-noticing changes in eye contact may signal the presence of unspoken emotional responses
-can improve memory of important clinical
messages for client
-cultural considerations : For some (not all) Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, avoidance of eye contact is customarily a gesture of respect.
When do you ask for consent?
At the beginning of a session (includes introducing yourself + brief outline for session)
Before you ask personal questions
Helps patient feel safe + allows for improved communication.
Before asking the client to disrobe
Explain the reason you need access to a particular area of the body.
Physical contact
Before Treatment/intervention
reason 2
learning from mistakes and being aware of limitations
What is the care centered on?
is quality of life centered (rather than disease centered) and sees the patient as a whole and for more than their condition (physical and emotional wellbeing)
How do you set up your patient and environment?
Consider
• Patient safety
• Patient comfort
• Therapist position in relation to client
• Side by side or corner to corner
• Organised, clean, neat and tidy clinic environment
What are the first 3 Cs of effective communication?
Completness - providing all the necessary info for understanding and consequent decision making
Clearness - ensures message is easy to understand without ambiguity/confusion
Courtesy - showing respect, politeness and professionalism in interactions
What makes consent valid?
- client needs legal capacity to consent
- must be voluntary
- must have all necessary information
- client must give their consent to the specific treatment being discussed
- must leave room for questions
reason 3
human characteristics (empathy, understanding, optimism etc), listening and communicating effectively, forming a bond with their patients, being open minded and validating
What is respected?
The patient's preferences, values, cultural traditions, and socioeconomic conditions
What is dignity?
the concept of human dignity is the belief that all people hold a special value, regardless of race, gender, religion, abilities, or any other factor other than being human
What are the next 2 Cs in Effective Communication?
Correctness - ensuring accuracy in grammar, spelling, punctuation and factual info presented
Concreteness - using specific facts and evidence for credibility and believability
What are the components/formula of informed consent?
• Explain diagnosis/problem*
• Justify your intervention to the client
• Explain what is involved
• Explain the risks and the benefits of the
intervention
• Discuss alternative treatment options and
financial considerations*
• Do you have any questions?
• Ask for consent.
reason 4
maintaining privacy, comfort, boundaries, security and safety
Who does the care concern?
The care is collaborative, coordinated, and accessible between patients, families, and providers (not just the physician)
What are the components that promote dignity
• providing privacy (visual and about patient's med. info)
• therapeutic interactions (polite and clear language)
• the ability to control the situation,
• attitudes, relationships with staff, relationships with other patients, culture/leadership, and a conducive physical environment
What are the last 2 Cs in Effective Communication?
Conciseness - conveying messages briefly with no unnecessary info
Consideration - understanding audience needs, tailoring message for empathy and relevance
Give a definition of informed consent
--> a person’s voluntary decision to agree to an assessment and intervention.
Can be express (given explicitly, either orally or in
writing) or implied (arises from clear and
specific patient actions)
Must be documented
Informed consent is dynamic: Clients may withdraw their consent at any time.