IPS VOCAB CHAP 14

1

100

Work

activity involving mental or physical effort done in order to achieve a purpose or result.

200

Joule

the SI unit of work or energy, equal to the work done by a force of one newton when its point of application moves one meter in the direction of action of the force, equivalent to one 3600th of a watt-hour.

300

power

the rate of doing work, it is the work done in unit time.

400

watt

the SI unit of power, equivalent to one joule per second, corresponding to the power in an electric circuit in which the potential difference is one volt and the current one ampere.

500

horsepower

the rate at which work is done

2

100

machine

an apparatus using or applying mechanical power and having several parts, each with a definite function and together performing a particular task.

200

output force

the force exerted on an object by a simple machine

300

input force

the amount of effort exerted on a simple machine to make it complete a task.

400

input distance

The input force moves the machine a certain distance, called the input distance.

500

output distance

The output force is exerted over a distance called the output distance.

3

100

work input

The work that you do on a machine

200

work output

the energy given by the machine to do useful work.

300

mechanical advantage

a measure of how much a force is increased by using a tool or machine

400

actual mechanical advantage

the ratio of output to input forces.

500

ideal mechanical advantage

the ratio of the input distance (Di) to the output distance (Do)

4

100

efficiency

the state or quality of being efficient.

200

fulcrum

the point on which a lever rests or is supported and on which it pivots.

300

lever

a rigid bar resting on a pivot, used to help move a heavy or firmly fixed load with one end when pressure is applied to the other.

400

input arm

The side of the lever where the input force is applied is called the input arm.

500

output arm

the por- tion of the lever directly connected to the load

5

100

Wheel an axle

1. a simple lifting machine consisting of a rope which unwinds from a wheel on to a cylindrical drum or shaft joined to the wheel to provide mechanical advantage.

   
   

200

inclined plane

 simple machine consisting of a sloping surface, used for raising heavy bodies.

300

wedge

a piece of wood, metal, or some other material having one thick end and tapering to a thin edge, that is driven between two objects or parts of an object to secure or separate them.

400

screw

: a nail-shaped or rod-shaped piece with a spiral groove and a slotted or recessed head designed to be inserted into material by rotating (as with a screwdriver) and used for fastening pieces of solid material together.

500

1. pulley

2. compound machine

1. A pulley is a wheel on an axle or shaft enabling a taut cable or belt passing over the wheel to move and change direction, or transfer power between itself and a shaft.

2. made up of two or more simple machines working together.