Key Figures
This Iranian cleric became the face of the 1979 Revolution and established the Islamic Republic of Iran.
Who is Ayatollah Khomeini?
This 1978 event in Iran saw massive protests against the Shah, leading to his eventual overthrow in 1979.
What is the Iranian Revolution?
This Western influence and support for the Shah's modernization efforts led to widespread resentment among traditionalists in Iran.
What is Westernization?
This harsh and oppressive rule by Tsar Nicholas II, which included limited political freedoms, contributed to widespread dissatisfaction among the Russian people.
What is autocracy?
After the Iranian Revolution, this became the official form of government, replacing the monarchy.
What is an Islamic Republic?
A leading figure of the Bolshevik Revolution, he served as the head of the government after the October Revolution in 1917.
Who is Vladimir Lenin?
The 1905 event in Russia, marked by worker protests and the demand for political reform, is often referred to as this.
What is the Russian Revolution of 1905?
The Shah's secret police, known as this, were infamous for suppressing dissent and instilling fear among the Iranian population.
What is SAVAK?
The severe food shortages and poor working conditions faced by many Russians during World War I led to this widespread event in 1917.
What is the February Revolution?
The Russian Revolution led to the establishment of this type of government, which emphasized collective ownership and a classless society.
What is communism?
The last Shah of Iran, he was overthrown during the Iranian Revolution in 1979.
Who is Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi?
This 1917 event in Russia resulted in the abdication of Tsar Nicholas II and the end of centuries of Romanov rule.
What is the February Revolution?
Economic issues, including high inflation and unemployment, contributed to public discontent leading up to this revolution.
What is the Iranian Revolution?
The failure of the Russian army in World War I, marked by heavy losses and poor leadership, fueled anger towards the Tsar and his government.
What is military defeat in World War I?
In Iran, women gained some rights after the revolution, including the ability to work and attend school, but they also faced new restrictions based on this ideology.
What is Islamic law (Sharia)?
This last Emperor of Russia was abdicated during the February Revolution of 1917 and later executed by Bolsheviks in 1918.
Who is Tsar Nicholas II?
The Shah's return to power in Iran after this 1953 coup, which was supported by the U.S. and Britain, intensified public discontent.
What is the Operation Ajax?
The Shah's promotion of secularism and reduction of religious influence upset many Iranians who valued their Islamic traditions.
What is the conflict between secularism and Islam?
This event in 1905, where peaceful protesters were shot while marching for reforms, increased public outrage and demand for change.
What is Bloody Sunday?
The Bolsheviks implemented this policy, which aimed to redistribute land from wealthy landowners to peasants, changing the social structure in Russia.
What is land redistribution?
This royal family, which ruled Iran until the 1979 Revolution, is known as the Pahlavi dynasty.
What is the Pahlavi family?
In 1917, the Bolsheviks seized power in this event, which followed the February Revolution and led to the establishment of a communist government.
What is the October Revolution?
This cleric became a leading voice against the Shah's regime and inspired many to join the revolution through his speeches and writings.
Who is Ayatollah Khomeini?
The rise of revolutionary groups, including the Bolsheviks and Mensheviks, played a crucial role in organizing opposition to the Tsarist regime, leading to the revolution.
What is the growth of revolutionary movements?
One major change in both revolutions was a shift in power from the ruling class to the general population, allowing citizens to have more say in their government.
What is increased political involvement or participation?