Hemoglobinopathies
Cells with this type of hemoglobin causes Sickle Cell Disease and only survives for about 15 days compared to 120 days for cells with Hgb A.
What is Hgb S?
Name the procedure performed to separate Sickle Cells from other transfused cells that have normal hemoglobin.
What is the Hypotonic Saline Wash procedure?
Name two main reasons for performing Antibody Titrations in the IRL.
What is for Prenatal testing of titers and also to aid in the identification of HTLA antibodies?
This concentration of DTT is used for treating the patient's plasma or serum.
What is 0.01 M DTT?
DTT denatures this type of antibody.
What is IgM?
Name two types of Hemoglobin that would you see in a patient that had Sickle Cell Trait
Hemoglobin A and Hemoglobin S.
Name the percent/concentration of Saline used in the Hypotonic Saline Wash procedure.
0.3 % Saline (NaCl)
Name the strength of reaction and the last tube giving this strength that determines the titer of an antibody.
1+
What are two types of controls/antisera that should not be used as known IgG or IgM controls when DTT treating the plasma.
What is monoclonal antisera (IgM) or lectins?
It is common for some HTLAs to not be this class of Anti-IgG which is not present in Immucor-Gamma's Coombs but it is in Ortho's Rabbit anti-IgG. (IgG Class 1, 2, 3 or 4).
What is IgG4?
This type of Hemoglobin makes up 95-98% of normal hemoglobin and consists of 2 alpha chains and 2 beta chains.
What is Hemoglobin A?
What dilution is prepared on normal saline to be used in the Hypotonic Saline Procedure and what is the diluent used.
1:3 dilution of normal saline (0.9%) with DI H20.
"HTLA" stands for this type of weak reacting IgG antibody and includes some examples such as Kna, Yka, McCa/Sla, Ch/Rg, Csa, etc.
What is High-Titer, Low Avidity antibodies?
This is what is destroyed by DTT and thereby denaturing the molecule.
What is disulfide bonds?
This is the incubation time and method for antibody titrations.
What is 60 minute saline method?
This type of hemoglobinopathy can cause Sickle Cell Disease and can have either reduced alpha or beta chains. (1 of 2 possible answers is acceptable)
What is Alpha or Beta Thalassemia?
State the expiration date of the hypotonic saline wash solution prepared to be used for cell separations for Sickle Cell Patients.
What is 6 months from the date of preparation or from the earliest expiration of any reagent used in the preparation?
This is the maximum titer strength for prenatal testing not considered a critical value.
What is 8?
"Gelling" is an indication of this when treating Plasma or Serum with DTT and these samples should not be used.
What is that plasma proteins have been denatured.
The only reason it is necessary to distinguish anti-G from anti-D and/or anti-C with prenatal samples.
What is to determine if RhIG should be administered to the mother.
This type of Hemoglobin is an inherited variant of normal adult Hgb A and occurs in about 1 in 50 African Americans?
What is Hgb C?
State the reason for washing 2 final times at the end of the hypotonic saline wash with normal saline.
It restores the tonicity.
What is to perform parallel testing? Bonus points if can state why it is important?
This is the purpose of performing the dilution control when treating a patient's plasma with DTT. (200 bonus points if you know what reaction you should get?)
What is to make sure the antibody was not diluted out? Should get a positive reaction.
Name the main function of hemoglobin and how it affects Sickle Cell Patients.
What is hemoglobin carries oxygen from the lungs to the body's tissues and organs. (In Sickle Cell Patients this oxygen carrying capacity is much lower and causes their cells to sickle).