Islam 1
Who was the first Caliph after the death of the Prophet Muhammad?
Abu Bakr.
Who is known as the "Seal of the Prophets" in Islam?
Prophet Muhammad (P.B.U.H)
What is the religious duty of giving a portion of one's wealth to those in need called in Islam?
Zakat
Which city is considered the holiest in Islam, as it houses the Kaaba?
Mecca
What is the Islamic declaration of faith, proclaiming the oneness of God?
Shahada
Which chapter (Surah) in the Quran is known as the "Verse of the Throne"?
Surah Al-Baqarah (2:255).
What is the first month of the Islamic lunar calendar?
Muharram.
Who is the daughter of Prophet Muhammad and Khadijah, who is highly respected in Islamic history?
Fatimah
What is the journey that Muhammad took from Mecca to Jerusalem and ascended to heaven called?
Isra and mi'raj.
What is the famous Islamic architectural structure in India known as the "Crown of Palaces"?
The Taj Mahal.
What is the Arabic term for the spiritual practice of remembrance or mindfulness of God, often performed through repetitive prayers or phrases?
Dhikr.
What is the theological concept in Islam that refers to divine preordainment and foreknowledge by God of all that will happen?
Qadar (Divine Predestination).
What tax does a non-Muslim subject pay under a Muslim ruler?
Jizyah.
In which battle did the Muslims face a significant defeat, resulting in the martyrdom of Hazrat Hamza, the Prophet's uncle?
The Battle of Uhud.
What is the largest Muslim-majority country in terms of population?
Indonesia.
What is the Arabic term for Islamic jurisprudence and the scholarly interpretation of the Quran and Hadith?
Fiqh.
What is the term for the consensus of Islamic jurists or scholars on a particular issue in Islamic law?
Ijma.
Which Islamic dynasty ruled Spain for over seven centuries, known for its significant contributions to art, science, and culture in Al-Andalus?
The Umayyad Caliphate of Cordoba.
What are the three main categories of Tawhid in Islamic theology?
Tawheed: Tawheed ar-ruboobiyyah (oneness of divine Lordship), Tawheed al-uloohiyyah (oneness of divinity, which is oneness of worship), and Tawheed al-asma’ wa’s-sifaat (oneness of the divine names and attributes).
What is the term for the Islamic mystical and spiritual path that seeks a direct personal experience of God?
Sufism.
Who was the Persian polymath known for his contributions to mathematics, astronomy, and medicine in the Islamic Golden Age?
Al-Razi (Rhazes).
Who is often regarded as the "Father of Optics" for his contributions to the field of optics and visual perception?
Ibn al-Haytham (Alhazen).
Which major Islamic battle took place in 732 AD, marking the end of the Islamic expansion into Western Europe?
The Battle of Tours (or Battle of Poitiers).
Who is the famous Persian poet known for his epic work, the "Shahnameh" (Book of Kings)?
Ferdowsi.
Which Islamic empire, led by Suleiman the Magnificent, was at its height in the 16th century and included much of Southeast Europe, Western Asia, and North Africa?
The Ottoman Empire.