Show:
Muhammad
Islamic Beliefs
Unity and Division
Early Empires
Potpourri!
100
This is the city where Muhammad was born in 570 C.E.
What is Mecca (Makkah)
100
Its title translates as 'recitation' since many Muslims believe this to be the word of Allah; the ____________ was compiled into text in the 650s.
What is the Quran
100
Today about 85% of all Muslims are members of this sect of Islam.
What is Sunni
100
This term, literally "house of Islam", refers to lands under Islamic rule
What is dar-al-Islam
100
This term describes Islamic holy law.
What is sharia
200
This term, meaning "migration" describes the forced migration of Muhammad and his followers from Mecca to Medina in 622 C.E. and marks the start of the Islamic calendar
What is the hijira
200
These are the two exceptions that excuse a Muslim from undertaking the hajj
What are being physically or financially unable to undertake the pilgrimage
200
As one of the Five Pillars of Islam, Muslims are expected to care for others who are less fortunate by giving _________
What are alms (charity)
200
Despite their association with Mecca, the leaders of the Umayyads established their capital in this Syrian city.
What is Damascus
200
This term means "deputy" and is the title of those succeeded Muhammad, not as prophets, but as substitutes.
What is "caliph"
300
Before his spiritual transformation, Muhammad was able to make a comfortable life for himself as a ______________.
What is a merchant
300
These are the TWO guidelines for daily prayer established in the Five Pillars or Islam.
What is a) 5 times daily and b) facing Mecca (specifically the Ka'ba).
300
These are some of the ways (name at least TWO) in which the Quran, and later the sharia as well, reinforced male dominance in what would remain a decidedly patriarchal society.
What is by... 1) recognizing descent only through male lines of heredity 2) subjecting the social and sexual lives of women to the strict control of male guardians 3)permitting men to take up to four wives (women could only have one husband) 4) interpreting the Quran in ways that progressively restricted the rights of women.
300
This dynasty ruled dar-al-Islam as conquerors, favoring and bestowing great privilege, in terms of both land and political power, upon the Arab military aristocracy.
What was the Umayyad dynasty (661-750 C.E.)
300
This man, a cousin and son-in-law of Muhammad, was the fourth caliph, whose assassination created a schism, or rift, within the umma.
Who was Ali
400
This term, meaning "community of the faithful" is what Muhammad's earliest organization of followers were called
What is the umma
400
This term, which as been interpreted in many different ways throughout the history of Islam, literally means "struggle".
What is jihad.
400
These are some of the ways (name at least TWO) in which the Quran enhanced the security of women in Arabian society.
What is by... 1) outlawing female infanticide 2) ruling that dowries go directly to brides 3) portraying women as honorable individuals, rather than property 4) describing women as equal to men before Allah 5) providing a model of behavior through Muhammad's generosity and respect toward his wives
400
These are TWO reasons that Muslim armies were successful against much larger, powerful, and well established neighboring empires.
What is a) unification of tribal groups under the banner of Islam and b) attacking at a time when larger empires were preoccupied with internal conflicts or suffering from plague c) providing payment/ stipends to loyal warriors and create a Muslim army
400
A tax levied on those within the empire that had not converted to Islam.
What is jizya
500
This is the collection of teachings and actions of Muhammad that serve as a guide for Muslims
What is the hadith
500
Muslims must observe a fast during daylight hours of this holy month of prayer and reflection.
What is Ramadan
500
These are developments (name THREE) that aided in the expansion of trade across dar-al-Islam
What are... 1) Camels and caravans (caravanserais) 2) Improved boats and compasses 3) Expanded banking services (sakk) 4) Groups of investors who pooled risk
500
Rather than expansion and conquest, the Abbasid Dynasty focused on this.
What is administration, or the logistics and operation of government
500
The Umayyad and Abbasid dynasties created a zone of trade, exchange, and communication which stretched across dar-al-Islam, from this region in the east, to this region in the west.
What is India in the east, and the Iberian peninsula (Spain) in the west.