Core Concepts & Beliefs
This holy book provides Muslims with guidelines on how to live and stresses the need to treat others fairly
Quran
Muslims recognize this person as the final prophet of Islam
Muhammad
The Arabian Peninsula is predominantly covered by this geographic feature.
desert
This name is given to the followers of Islam
Muslims
Muslim astronomers improved this tool to determine position at sea
Astrolabe
These traveling preachers, or missionaries, spread the teachings of Islam.
Sufis
This famous Ottoman ruler was responsible for the empire’s greatest achievements in law, art, architecture, and literature
Suleiman I
This harsh climate led early Arabs to form tribes to help them survive
wilderness/desert climate
This group consists of traveling merchants and animals
caravan
The Arabic term Al-Kuhl (Alcohol) is defined as any...
refined substance (or distilled substance)
This term means “holder of power”
Sultan
The Shia believed that the descendants of this man, Muhammad’s son-in-law, should lead Islam after Muhammad's death
Ali
This term refers to a green area in a desert fed by underground water
oasis
This is the specific journey Muhammad and his followers made from Makkah to Yathrib
Hijrah
This Arab invention made any ship more maneuverable
stern rudder
Muslims, Jews, and Christians share this common belief
belief in one God
This great Mogul ruler brought peace and order to India in the 1500s
Akbar
Muhammad and his followers made the Hijrah journey from Makkah to this city, which was later called Madinah
Yathrib (or Madinah)
These are desert herders who traveled from oasis to oasis
Bedouin
This branch of mathematics was a key Muslim achievement
Algebra (Al-Jabr)
This structure in Makkah was important because early Muslims believed a large stone inside it came from heaven
Kaaba
This man was the first caliph to take over after Muhammad’s death
Abu Bakr
During Muhammad's time, this contemporary empire controlled cities like Alexandria
Eastern Roman Empire
This is the title for the head of a tribe
Sheikh
This nautical technology was invented by Arabs and made the Portuguese ventures possible
lateen sail