Origins
The founder of Islam, his life and teachings are recorded in the Quran and Hadith.
Who is Muhammad?
Sunni Muslims also use this name for the first four caliphs after Muhammad.
Who are the Rightly Guided Caliphs?
A person who teaches and tries to convert others to a new religion.
What is a missionary?
As Islamic kingdoms grew, this language became the main language of learning, trade, and government across North Africa and the Near East.
What is Arabic?
This empire, based in what is now Turkey, became a major Muslim power from the 1300s to the early 1900s. They captured Constantinople in 1453. RIP Byzantine Empire.
What is the Ottoman Sultanate/Empire?
The city where Muhammad was born, and where he later began preaching.
What is Mecca?
This family took power of the Islamic Empire after the assassination of Ali, the fourth caliph.
What is the Umayyad family?
In the early years, Islam spread both through peaceful conversion and through this less fun method.
What is conquest?
After the crusades, Europeans would adopt this system from the Islamic world, allowing them to do math MUCH EASIER.
What are Hindu-Arabic Numerals?
This Persian Dynasty embraced Shia Islam, but brought back the Persian language and name in the 1500s.
What is the Safavid Persian Empire?
The journey Muhammad and his followers took after facing persecution in Mecca.
What is the Hijrah?
Early Muslims were divided over who had the right to lead the whole community. Today, this issue still divides them into these two groups.
What are Sunni and Shi'a Muslims?
Islam spread eastward towards India and Central Asia once Persia fell and the Caliphate took control of this famous trade route.
What is the Silk Road?
This institution in Baghdad can be credited with preserving and adding to many ancient sources of knowledge.
What is the House of Wisdom?
This Indian empire was founded by the Mongol Prince Babur in the 1700s. A later ruler of this empire would build the Taj Mahal in honor of his wife.
What is the Mughal Empire?
The 5 Pillars of Islam include belief, prayer, charity, fasting, and this religious journey.
What is pilgrimage/the Hajj?
This dynasty overthrew the Umayyads. They would establish a new capital in Baghdad.
Who are the Abbasids?
Though it would not become widespread in India until later, the first Muslim rulers in India were part of this kingdom.
What is the Delhi Sultanate?
the Silk Road and trade routes in the Indian Ocean eventually led to the spread of Islam to this Asian archipelago.
What is Indonesia?
This Mughal ruler was known for his religious tolerance and devotion to his own faith.
Who is Akbar?
This shrine in Mecca was transformed from a center for polytheistic worship into a symbol of the one God.
What is the Kaaba?
This empire, once a rival of Rome and Byzantium, was conquered under the early caliphs. RIP Mesopotamia.
What is the Sasanian Persian Empire?
This kingdom, originally part of the Umayyad Caliphate, was established in what is now Spain.
What is Al-Andalus?
These two buildings have switched functions since they were first built. One was a mosque, now a cathedral, and the other was a cathedral, and now is a mosque. Both are major tourist sites today.
What are the Great Mosque of Cordoba and the Hagia Sophia?
This new religion appeared in India in the 1500s, sharing similar teachings with both Islam and Hinduism.
What is Sikhism?