Legislative Branch
Which part of Congress gives every state equal representation, regardless of population?
Senate
What is the minimum age required to become President of the United States?
35 years old
How many justices serve on the United States Supreme Court?
Nine
What is the process called when Congress formally charges a president with serious misconduct?
Impeachment
How many court systems operate in the United States?
Two — federal and state court systems.
Which part of Congress bases the number of representatives each state receives on its population?
House of Representatives
What presidential role makes the President the leader of the executive branch?
Chief Executive
Which Article of the Constitution establishes the judicial branch?
Article III
Which part of Congress conducts impeachment trials to determine whether a president should be removed from office?
The Senate
How many years must a person have lived in the United States to qualify for the presidency?
At least 14 years.
Which branch of government has the constitutional power to declare war?
Legislative Branch (Congress)
What role does the President perform when helping another member of their political party campaign for office?
Party Leader
What is the only court specifically established by the United States Constitution?
The Supreme Court
What power allows courts to determine whether laws or government actions violate the Constitution?
Judicial review
What historical legal doctrine allowed racial segregation in public facilities as long as those facilities were supposedly equal?
Separate but equal
Name two military-related powers given to Congress by the Constitution.
Declaring war and raising an army and navy.
What presidential power allows the President to reject legislation passed by Congress?
Veto power
What term describes a court's authority to hear a case before any other court hears it?
Original jurisdiction
Which famous Supreme Court case established the principle of judicial review?
Marbury v. Madison
Justice John Marshall Harlan argued that the Constitution was "color blind." What did he mean?
Constitutional rights should apply to all people regardless of race or ethnicity.
Congress has the power to establish post offices, declare war, and raise an army. What important government appointment is NOT a power of Congress?
Appointing Supreme Court justices.
What presidential role allows the President to send American troops into a foreign country for up to 60 days without congressional authorization?
Commander in Chief
Why do relatively few cases make it all the way to the United States Supreme Court?
The Supreme Court can choose which cases it hears and accepts only a small number each year.
Explain how judicial review allows the judicial branch to check the power of Congress.
Courts can declare laws passed by Congress unconstitutional.
Under what circumstances can a Supreme Court justice permanently leave or be removed from their position?
Death, resignation, or removal following impeachment and conviction.