Burns
Described as red, painful, no blistering or weeping.
What is a First-Degree burn?
The most common type of shock which results from loss of blood/fluid.
What is hypovolemic shock?
The disorder that is diagnosed after a patient has 2 or more seizures at least 24 hours apart that do not have an underlying cause.
What is epilepsy?
The condition resulting from a body pH higher than 7.45.
What is alkalosis?
The ratio of compressions to breaths in adult cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).
What is 30:2?
The nurse notices that the patient exhibits hoarseness, anxiety, and soot-tinged nares with this type of injury.
What is an inhalation injury?
The type of shock that can result in blood backing up in the system and leads to fluid overload.
What is cardiogenic shock?
Also known as a "grand mal" seizure this is the most dramatic type of epileptic seizure which results in an abrupt loss of consciousness, body stiffening and shaking, loss of bladder control, and may result in the patient biting their tongue.
What is a tonic-clonic seizure?
The result of either a loss of base or an accumulation of acid in the body (pH less than 7.35).
What is acidosis?
The emergency triggered from increased pressure (full bladder, needing to empty bowels, restrictive clothing, wrinkles in blankets) in a patient with a spinal cord injury at T6 or higher. May result in diaphoresis, increased blood pressure, headache, distended neck veins, and decreased heart rate.
What is autonomic dysreflexia?
The burn most likely to lead to compartment syndrome.
What is a circumferential burn?
A patient with this type of shock could have a temperature less than 97.5 degrees F, oliguria, crackles in the lungs, and altered mental status.
What is septic shock?
This can sometimes happen prior to a seizure and may be heard, seen, felt, smelt, or even tasted.
What is an aura or prodrome state?
The acid-base imbalance that results from COPD, emphysema, asthma, or an airway obstruction.
What is Respiratory Acidosis?
This fluid would be contraindicated for use in a patient with a traumatic brain injury as it could cause the brain to swell.
What is a hypotonic fluid?
A patient that weighs 112kg has burns on 36% TBSA. This is the total amount of lactated ringers that will be administered in the first 8 hours.
Using formula - 4mL LR x kg x %TBSA
What is 8064mL
The 2 initial signs/symptoms of shock.
What are increased heart rate and cool/clammy skin?
The painless procedure used to measure the electrical activity of the brain by placing electrodes on the scalp.
What is an electroencephalogram (EEG)?
The acid-base imbalance which results from vomiting, NG suctioning, and hypokalemia.
What is Metabolic Alkalosis?
A complete injury at or above this level of the cervical spine would result in paralysis of respiratory muscles including the diaphram and quadriplegia.
What is C4?
** C4 - Breathe no more, would require mechanical ventilation
A patient is to receive a total of 8,064mL of LR over 24 hours after a burn. The nurse programs the IV pump to run at this rate for hours 8 through 16.
What is 252 mL/hr
The lab that is drawn twice before antibiotic therapy is started when sepsis is suspected.
What are blood cultures?
The anticonvulsant used to reduce the frequency of seizures that is commonly administered for neuropathy/neuralgia.
What is neurontin (Gabapentin)?
This lab value is the main indicator of the metabolic acid-base balance.
What is plasma bicarbonate, HCO3-
The three main symptoms of increased intracranial pressure, also known as the Cushing's Triad.
What are increased systolic blood pressure, decreased pulse, and decreased respirations. **Note opposite of shock**