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Greening of IT / Practise theory
Implementations of IT systems
www and Information management
Business alignment and Business and IT alignment
IT/IS alignment
100
Making IT more beneficial to the environmental
What does greening of IT mean ?
100
For instance software that is not specialised to a specific company. Default installations without any updates or customisations applied to it
What is a vanilla system ?
100
- 1990-2000 - 2000-2010 - 2010-2020
When was the period for Web 1.0 ? When was the period for Web 2.0 ? When is the expected period for Web 3.0 ?
100
- Linking and configuring strategic elements, key organisation systems, processes and structures to improve the vision and results beyond expectations - Alignment of business function and business processes - Operational excellence (cost, quality and speed), paves the way, management excellence (smart, agile and aligned) brings perspective for the future and technology excellence, drives innovation
What is the definition of Business alignment ? What is characteristic for Business alignment ? What are the three types of excellences according to the Business and IT alignment ?
100
- Operations, marketing, sales, finance, legal etc. - Functional integration (internal) - Strategic fit (external)
What is a valid definition of IT/IS alignment ?
200
Corporate social responsibility (CSR)
What is an example of Greening of IT in various companies ?
200
-Implement relevant processes - Not too dependent on one supplier - A system adapt to the organisation, not the organisation that has to adapt to a system - Resistance among employees (Source of improvement) - User involvement - Realistic time estimation - Release in small steps, not all at once - Feedback from users to improve the system - Proper training of employees
What were the learning points for the E-Software inc. according to the mini case about implementation of IT systems ?
200
- The PC era - World wide web - Social web - Web of data - The top: Information (quality, different types of information, managed in different ways, record and news e.g.), Middle layer: Technology (Have an impact on how information is managed. Can not get away from technology, the bottom layer: Governance (standards, legislation)
What was the name of the period where for the revolution of the PC ? What is the name for Web 1.0 ? What is the name for Web 2.0 ? What is the name for Web 3.0 ? What entities are in the triangle of IT management ?
200
- Functional integration and strategic fit - Operations, marketing, sales, finance, legal etc., functional integration (internal) and strategic fit (external) - The functional integration of Business- and IT infrastructure and processes - Strategic fit of the strategy and infrastructure and processes for Business and IT - Better business processes, reduce costs and performance monitored real time
- What is the main purpose of Business and IT alignment ? - What is characteristic for strategy alignment ? - What are the entities in the combination of SAM (Strategic Alignment Model) by Venkatraman et al. and three organisational layers, on the operational organisational level ? - What are the entities in the combination of SAM (Strategic Alignment Model) by Venkatraman et al. and three organisational layers, on the strategic level ? - What are three benefits of business alignment ?
200
- Use/fit of IT in supporting business (processes) - Create a data/information flow - Adding value each step in the business processes
What is characteristic for IT/IS alignment ?
300
- Design for environmental sustainability - Energy-efficient computing - Power management - Data centre design, layout and location - Server virtualisation - Responsibility disposal and recycling - Regulatory compliance - Green metrics assessment tools and environment- related risk reductions - Use of renewable energy sources - Eco-labelling of IT products
What are areas in which to green IT ?
300
Not only consider implementing the IT tool for instance. Post implementation period is very important typically.
What is generally important to consider according to the implementation of IT systems ?
300
- E-mail, FTP, Windows OS, MAC OS and Desktop - Websites, HTML and SQL - Weblogs, Social media sharing, Social networking, Flash, Javascript, Ajax, OpenID, Tagging - Semantic web, Semantic databases, Distributed search, Widgets, Intelligent personal agents
What was characteristic for the PC-era (1980-1990) ? What was characteristic for Web 1.0 (1990-2000) ? What was characteristic for the Web 2.0 (2000-2010) ? What was characteristic for the Web 3.0 (2010-2020) ?
300
- Strategic alignment of IT to business, A two way process. (Business led - supports business strategy), (Demand-oriented, responds to business information needs rather than push from available technology)
What is characteristic for Business and IT alignment ?
300
- Strategic and intellectual (IT and Business objectives consistent and working in harmony) - Structural (how the systems fit to the business, important who and where the power lies for the decisions) - Informal structural (Informal networks v formal structure, it's not what you know but who you know) - Social (commitment of all employees) - Cultural (how culture in organisation can help or hinder the alignment)
What are the five IT/IS alignment dimensions ?
400
- Focuses on what people do and the relations among actors - Business context (understand the business), scope (what belongs to organisation and IT and what not, level of depth (Different for the different stages), hypotheses and anticipation (Testing different possibilities as early as possible) and human dimension (conflicts within the organisation and reluctance to change)
What does practice theory focus on ? What are the five "challenge areas" for a practitioner ?
400
- Implementation is an ongoing process - Start with the old situation, do not hump into the future - Get users and management engaged - Experimenting is required about prototyping, start small and independent if possible - In resistance lies the opportunity for success
What can be determined as realistic management of IT projects ?
400
- Speed for information needs changed dramatically, before it was more local, before smt. was globally spread, it was often already outdated and decision making was much slower - Business in general, Managing IT, IT development, The economy, Your job
What were some characteristics about information management before the digital age ? What areas might the new evolving technologies have an effect on ?
400
- Business strategy - IT strategy - Organisational infrastructure - IS infrastructure and process
Which are the four domains to ensure, the fit/support of the integration of IT into the business ?
400
- Focus on technological components of IS (hardware, software and design is based on scientific methods from chemistry, physics etc.) - Focus on social system that uses technology (Combination of scientific methodologies and models from humanities) - Focus on the systemic nature (Use design methods from systems theory, such as soft systems and action centered research)
What are the three schools that can contradict with each other according to the evolution on thinking about IT/IS ?
500
- Practise is not constant (changes every time it is done) - - Human interactions with objects - Overlap has a function in organisations - Practise is tied to our sense of identity - People are "invested" in their practice
What is characteristic for practice theory ?
500
- IT operations - Supply and demand - Business value (Business and IT alignment)
- What was characteristic about the IT history in 60/80'ies ? - What was characteristic about the IT history in 80'ies til 1995 ? - What was characteristic about the IT history in 2000 to 2015 ?
500
Communication Competence/value measurement Governance Partnership Scope and architecture Skills
What are the six main entities in the IT Business Alignment Maturity Criteria, measurement of Business/IT alignment framework by Luftman ?
500
- Strategic business outcomes (better products and services) - Customer service improves - Organisational agility - Operational efficiency - IT- cost reduction - Risk management
What are six business benefits of IT/IS alignment ?