Physics & Respiratory
Pressure inversely proportional to volume at constant temperature.
What is Boyle's Law?
Innervation for sensation above the vocal cords.
What is the internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve?
ASA class for healthy patient.
What is ASA I?
Arterial circle connecting anterior and posterior circulation.
What is the Circle of Willis?
Triad: hyperthermia, clonus, agitation
What is serotonin syndrome?
Airway resistance is highest at this lung volume.
What is low lung volumes (near residual volume)?
Motor innervation to all intrinsic laryngeal muscles except cricothyroid.
What is the recurrent laryngeal nerve?
ASA class for severe systemic disease that limits activity.
What is ASA III?
Connects the two anterior cerebral arteries.
What is the anterior communicating artery?
Neuromuscular transmission receptor type.
What is nicotinic acetylcholine receptor?
High-pressure, low-volume ventilation through narrow catheter.
What is jet ventilation?
Reflex bradycardia during eye muscle traction.
What is the oculocardiac reflex?
Drug that decreases LES tone and increases aspiration risk.
What are opioids or volatile anesthetics?
Connects internal carotid to posterior cerebral artery.
What is the posterior communicating artery?
Facilitates ACh vesicle release at the neuromuscular junction.
What is the role of calcium at the neuromuscular junction?
Upper airway obstruction + forceful inspiration → pink frothy sputum.
What is negative pressure pulmonary edema?
Afferent limb of oculocardiac reflex.
What is the trigeminal nerve (CN V)?
Common anti-emetic drug that increases LES tone.
What is metoclopramide?
Watershed infarcts occur in this setting.
What is hypotension?
Large volume normal saline infusion results in this.
What is hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis?
Nitrous oxide is contraindicated in this lung emergency.
What is a pneumothorax?
Efferent limb causing bradycardia
What is the vagus nerve (CN X)?
Strong cations (Na, K, Mg, Ca) - strong anions (Cl, lactate)
What is the strong ion difference?
Most common cause of postoperative vision loss after spine surgery.
What is ischemic optic neuropathy?
Color of the isoflurane vaporizer
What is purple?