Atomic Structure
What letter do we use to show atomic number?
AND
What does this number give us?
It gives the amount of protons for a specific atom
Which one is 3-D Orbits or Orbitals?
Orbitals. They are 3-Dimensional.
What is the letter that represents the principle quantum number?
n.
How many electrons per orbital?
2.
Every orbital in a sub shell is occupied by on electron before it can gain two is a statement from what rule?
Hund’s Rule.
Describe the atomic structure of an atom and all its parts.
**BE VERY SPECIFIC**
Nucleus in the center that is composed of protons (+) and neutrons (0). This is where most of the mass in an atom is found!
The nucleus is surrounded by an electron cloud that represents the probability of where electrons (-) are found.
What shape is a p orbital?
A p orbital is dumbbell shaped.
Why does an electron fill level 1 before 2, and 2 before 3, etc.?
It fills the spaces closest to the nucleus because it costs less energy.
What are the total number of orbitals permitted if n=2?
Total number is equal to n2 since n = 2 the number of orbitals is 22 which is equal to 4.
What are the three different ways electron configuration can be written?
1. Energy Level Diagrams
2. Complete Electron Configuration
3. Condensed Electron Configuration
Explain the Wave-Particle Duality of Electrons.
Which does it behave more as? Why?
Due to the double slit experiment outcomes, it is determined that electrons behave more like waves (energy) because of it's extremely small mass.
Draw the Bohr's Model for the element that is in period 3, group 2.
**Bohr's Model of Mg**
What are the possible values for energy levels?
1-7
Which letter represents the orbital that has a clover like shape?
d. d orbitals have a clover like shape.
What is the condensed electron configuration of Hydrogen(H)
Hydrogen does not have a condensed form as there is no noble gas before it. So you would just use the non-condensed electron configuration of 1s1.
Describe the 2 reasons why Bohr's model was incorrect.
- it only worked for hydrogen who had 1 electron
- it is impossible to know both the location and momentum of an electron
What shape does a f orbital have?
The f orbital can have many different shapes but always has 7 orbitals.
Give the electron configuration for Iron.
**Answer on Board**
How many electrons are allowed in 14 orbitals?
There are 2 electrons allowed in each orbital so the number of electrons is 2(# of orbitals) so 2(14). Therefore 14 orbitals will have 28 electrons.
What is the electron configuration for a Calcium ion (Ca+2)?
1s22s22p63s23p6
Given the following: Bi - 210
- What type of notation is this?
- Identify the element and all its subatomic particles
Bismuth
83 p+, 127 n0, 83 e-
In Bohrs orbits electrons are a fixed distance from the nucleus. Are they like this is orbitals?
No, electrons in orbitals are a variable distance from the nucleus.
Describe all 4 quantum numbers and what they tell us.
**Answer on Board**
Why is it that when models of atoms are shown the orbitals are drawn as big clouds?
They are drawn like this because it is impossible to predict the exact position and momentum with certainty. The orbital clouds represent the probable locations of electrons.
What is the condensed electron configuration for Hassium (Hs)?