A
As a result of the war with Mexico, the United States acquired most of
Oregon and California
Texas
Florida
Arizona and New Mexico
(D) Arizona and New Mexico.
During the 1820s, the electorate, or those who could vote, expanded because:
white women gained the right to vote.
white men without property gained the right to vote.
Native Americans gained the right to vote in exchange for territory.
free African Americans gained the right to vote.
(B) white men without property gained the right to vote
The 1835 journey of Native Americans from the Southeast to Indian Territory was so brutal that it came to be called
the Wilderness Road.
the Seminole War.
the Trail of Tears.
the Journey of Sorrow.
(C) the Trail of Tears
What is a reason why the Mexican government came into conflict with American settlers in the 1830s?
Much of the Oregon Trail crossed into Mexico’s territory.
Westward settlers were often close to or in territories claimed by Mexico and disputed by the United States.
Settlers in Oregon Country hoped to move farther south into what is today California.
Mexico had access to the Pacific Ocean, which settlers in Oregon Country lacked.
(B) Westward settlers were often close to or in territories claimed by Mexico and disputed by the United States.
The movement of American settlers westward is closely related to
the idea of Manifest Destiny.
the Seminole Wars.
the establishment of Indian Territory.
the war with Mexico.
(A) the idea of Manifest Destiny.
From which nation did the United States gain Florida?
Spain
Russia
Mexico
Canada
(A) Spain
After gold was discovered in California,
boomtowns began to grow throughout the region.
the United States passed a heavy tax on precious metals.
the region’s Native Americans were relocated.
the United States no longer needed to print paper money.
(A) boomtowns began to grow throughout the region.
In the 1840s, a large Mormon community was established in present-day
Oregon.
Texas.
Utah.
California.
(C) Utah.
Utah did not become a state until
the United States purchased the Utah Territory from Spain.
Mormons agreed to stop the practice of polygamy.
large deposits of gold were found in the region.
local Native Americans were removed to Indian Territory.
(B) Mormons agreed to stop the practice of polygamy.
What does Chief Ross believe will be one result of the Treaty of New Echota?
The Cherokee will be settled.
The Cherokee will cease to exist.
Cherokee will attack white settlements.
Some Cherokee will die on the march
(B) The Cherokee will cease to exist.
Andrew Jackson’s victory in the election of 1828 showed that people liked Jackson because he
wanted to keep the national bank run by private bankers.
promised equal protection for all, including poor and formerly enslaved people.
promised to use federal funds to improve roads and build a national university.
wanted to keep the federal government small.
(D) wanted to keep the federal government small.
How did high tariffs place the Southern states at a disadvantage compared to the Northern states?
The North had more manufacturing, but the South had more taxable trade with Europe.
The North sent more manufactured items to the South, who had to pay taxes on them.
The South lost economic power from protesting the tariffs and they wanted federal support.
The South had more manufacturing and more trade with Europe than the North.
(A) The North had more manufacturing, but the South had more taxable trade with Europe.
What situation prompted South Carolina to pass the Nullification Act in 1832?
The state wanted to charge higher taxes on cotton sold to European customers.
The state refused to help pay for the construction of a road in Kentucky.
The state considered high tariffs passed by Congress illegal and refused to pay them.
The state wanted Congress to replace existing tariffs with tariffs set by the Force Bill.
(C) The state considered high tariffs passed by Congress illegal and refused to pay them.
President Van Buren responded to the depression following the Panic of 1837 by creating
a new national bank.
a much lower tariff.
a new cabinet position.
an independent federal treasury
(D) an independent federal treasury.
What led to the weakening of the Whig Party in the early 1840s?
Harrison switching positions on policies
Tyler opposing many Whig policies
Tyler focusing on foreign relations
Harrison failing to work with Congress
(B) Tyler opposing many Whig policies
When Jackson was president, how did more people participate in the political process?
Southerners gained a louder voice in objecting to high tariffs.
Bureaucrats were fired and replaced with Jackson’s supporters.
Southern states began nullifying, or refusing to obey, some federal laws.
Democrats used nominating conventions, rather than caucuses, to choose candidates.
(D) Democrats used nominating conventions, rather than caucuses, to choose candidates.
In 1830, President Jackson signed the Indian Removal Act, which permitted the government to
seize all weapons from native peoples in Georgia.
send troops to establish a new Indian Territory.
pay Native Americans to relocate in the West.
move the Choctaw but allow the Cherokee to remain in Georgia.
(C) pay Native Americans to relocate in the West.
The U.S. government established Indian Territory in present-day Oklahoma because
few white settlers wanted to move to the area.
some members of the Five Civilized Tribes already lived in the region.
the fertile land would support farms owned by native peoples.
the Five Civilized Tribes expressed interest in the region.
(A) few white settlers wanted to move to the area.
Which eastern Native American group refused to comply with the Indian Removal Act?
the Choctaw
the Cherokee
the Creek
the Chickasaw
(B) the Cherokee
In Worcester v. Georgia (1832), the Supreme Court ruled that the Cherokee
are a separate community and not subject to the laws of Georgia.
were not citizens and therefore no treaties with them were binding.
removal was legal only if the government provided food for the long journey.
could be moved only if they were paid fairly for their land.
(A) are a separate community and not subject to the laws of Georgia.
What was President Jackson’s response to the Supreme Court ruling in Worcester v. Georgia?
He ignored the ruling and immediately forced the Cherokee people to relocate.
He supported the ruling but allowed settlers to push the Cherokee people off their own land.
He disagreed with the ruling and approved a treaty to relocate the Cherokee.
He disagreed with the ruling and made a compromise treaty with all Cherokee leaders
(C) He disagreed with the ruling and approved a treaty to relocate the Cherokee.
Which best describes how the Seminole responded to the Indian Removal Act of 1830?
They lost their land and were forced to travel on the Trail of Tears.
They turned to the U.S. Supreme Court to defend their claims to their land.
They agreed to sell their land and move to Indian Territory.
They joined with Black Seminoles to attack white settlements in Florida.
(D) They joined with Black Seminoles to attack white settlements in Florida.
Why did the Cayuse attack the mission that the Whitmans established in the Oregon Country to help them?
The Whitmans wanted to convert the Cayuse to Christianity, angering the Cayuse.
The Whitmans unknowingly exposed the Cayuse to measles, killing many Cayuse children.
The Whitmans offered medical care to the Cayuse, but they could not treat measles.
The Whitmans were the first settlers in the area, taking Cayuse land.
(B) The Whitmans unknowingly exposed the Cayuse to measles, killing many Cayuse children.
In the 1830s, Americans began migrating to Oregon primarily to
escape the economic troubles in the East.
reject the treatment of enslaved people in the South.
practice their religion without fear of persecution.
convert the Native Americans to Christianity.
(A) escape the economic troubles in the East.
Which of the following best summarizes the concept of Manifest Destiny?
Native Americans had an equal claim to lands acquired in the Adams-Onís Treaty.
The United States had the right to expand to the Pacific Ocean.
European nations would no longer be allowed to interfere in the Americas.
Slavery should be restricted to states south of the Mason-Dixon Line.
(B) The United States had the right to expand to the Pacific Ocean.
The mountain men played a role in westward expansion by
establishing trading posts in Oregon Country.
preventing overtrapping of beaver and other animals.
creating routes and guiding settlers to the West.
trading furs with Native Americans and adopting some of their ways.
(C) creating routes and guiding settlers to the West.
Which group had the most political influence in the Florida Territory?
cotton and tobacco planters
cattle ranchers
religious leaders
bankers and manufacturers
(A) cotton and tobacco planters
Why was Congress slow to approve Florida’s application for statehood?
Congress was unsure that Spain would abandon its claims to the Florida Territory.
Florida citizens could not agree on a constitution, which was required for statehood.
Florida was entering as a free state so they had to wait until a slave state could also join.
Florida was entering as a slave state so they had to wait until a free state could also join.
(D) Florida was entering as a slave state so they had to wait until a free state could also join.
Mexico’s policy toward Texas in the 1820s included
selling Texas to the United States.
allowing the U.S. to annex Texas.
encouraging American settlement.
closing its borders to American settlers
(C) encouraging American settlement.
What is one reason American settlers in Texas rebelled against Mexican rule?
Tejanos outnumbered American settlers, who felt threatened by the Tejanos.
Most settlers supported slavery, which was illegal in Mexico.
Most settlers opposed slavery, which was legal in Mexico.
Mexico opposed Catholicism, which most settlers practiced.
(B) Most settlers supported slavery, which was illegal in Mexico.
To justify declaring war against Mexico, President James Polk
persuaded Mexico to sign a treaty stating that the Rio Grande formed the border of Texas.
lied to Congress, claiming that Mexico had attacked U.S. troops on American soil.
ordered General Taylor to blockade the Santa Fe Trail, cutting off key supply routes to Mexico.
refused to accept censure, or reprimand, from Congress before the war started
(B) lied to Congress, claiming that Mexico had attacked U.S. troops on American soil.
The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
resolved the question of whether western states would allow slavery.
gave the United States complete control of the Oregon Country.
forced Native Americans in the West to sell lands to American settlers.
extended the western border of the United States to the Pacific coast.
(D) extended the western border of the United States to the Pacific coast.
What was a result of the Gadsden Purchase?
It created a territory in the West for free African American settlement.
It nearly doubled the size of the United States.
It gave the United States control of the Bear Flag Republic.
It changed the borders of Arizona and New Mexico.
(D) It changed the borders of Arizona and New Mexico.
Miners in the California Gold Rush were called forty-niners because
the population of San Francisco increased to 49,000 almost overnight.
large numbers of people migrated to California in 1849 to find gold.
it cost forty-nine dollars for a miner to purchase a land claim.
California had recently become the Union’s forty-ninth state.
(B) large numbers of people migrated to California in 1849 to find gold.
Who profited the most from the California Gold Rush?
miners
farmers
vigilantes
merchants
(D) merchants
Which of the following best describes life in a California mining camp?
Legal authorities maintained a high level of safety in the camps.
Women established societies, and children attended schools in the camps.
Violence and alcohol abuse were common in mining camps.
Californios were respected and enjoyed high status in most camps.
(C) Violence and alcohol abuse were common in mining camps.
Many of the people who migrated to California during the Gold Rush
stayed to farm or run businesses.
moved on to other mining rushes.
found enough gold to live comfortably.
returned to their homes in the East.
(A) stayed to farm or run businesses.
Why did the Mormons eventually settle in Utah?
They had been prevented from owning property in the United States and knew that Utah was part of Mexico at the time.
Utah was a refuge from persecution and a place to practice their religion freely.
Utah’s rich farmland and good soil would provide enough crops to become self sufficient.
They believed that the coming kingdom on Earth would be established in Utah
(B) Utah was a refuge from persecution and a place to practice their religion freely.
How did the discovery of gold in California help the Mormon community in Utah prosper?
Mormon communities welcomed refugees from California boomtowns that were lawless.
Mormon missionaries converted California-bound miners, who then stayed to work in Utah.
Mormon miners traveled to California in search of gold and returned with their wealth.
Mormon merchants sold supplies to people passing through Utah to California
(D) Mormon merchants sold supplies to people passing through Utah to California.
The Second Seminole War began when the Seminole responded to
a Supreme Court ruling concerning treaties between Native Americans and the United States.
repeated raids by white settlers on Native American lands.
the Trail of Tears and forced relocation of the Cherokee to Indian Territory.
the Indian Removal Act of 1830, which required Native Americans to leave the Southeast.
(D) the Indian Removal Act of 1830, which required Native Americans to leave the Southeast.