Alkenes & Zaitsev's Rule
Elimination
Addition reactions
alkenes
100
What is Zaitsev’s rule?
The most substituted alkene forms.
100
What substrates favor E2
Strong base, heat, steric hindrance.
100
define syn and anti addition.
Syn addition takes place when both X and Y are added from
the same side.
Anti addition takes place when X and Y are added from
opposite sides
100
what does alkenes contain?
carbon to carbon double bond
200
Which alkene is more stable?
The more substituted alkene.
200
Predict mechanism: 2° + weak nucleophile + heat.
E1
200
what are the different types of alien addition reactions?
1. Hydrohalogenation— Addition of HX
2. Hydration— Addition of Water
3. Halogenation—Addition of Halogen, X2
4. Halohydrin Formation
5. Hydroboration–Oxidation
200
what is the general formula for calculating the degree of unsaturation of alkenes?
step 1: Hsat = 2#C + 2 – #X + #N
step 2: Degree of unsaturation = (Hsat – Hactual)/2
300
Explain the difference between stereoselectivity and regioselectivity.
A reaction is stereoselective when it forms predominantly or exclusively one stereoisomer when two or more are possible (cis/trans). A reaction is regioselective when it yields predominantly or exclusively one constitutional isomer when more than one is possible.
300
What must a β-elimination remove?
A β-H and a leaving group.
300
what is maokovnikov rule ?
Markovnikov’s rule states that in the addition of HX to an
unsymmetrical alkene, the H atom adds to the less substituted
carbon atom—that is, the carbon that has the greater number of H
atoms to begin with.
Markovnikov’s Rule
300
name the following alkene
