Specifying a Purpose and Research Questions or Hypotheses
Descriptive & Inferential Statistics
More Statistics
Research Designs
100
A group of individuals who have the same characteristics.
What is a population
100
A statement that advances the overall direction or focus for the study.
What is the purpose statement?
100
A prediction about the population typically stated using the language of "no difference", "no relationship", or "no association.
What is the null hypothesis?
100
The standard deviation of errors of measurement that are associated with test scores.
What is the standard error of measurement?
100
Systematic, qualitative procedures that researchers use to generate a theory that explains, at a broad conceptual level, a process, action, or interaction about a substantive topic.
What are grounded theory designs?
200
A group of individuals with some common defining characteristic that the researcher can identify and study
What is a target population
200
Statements in quantitative research in which the investigator makes a prediction or a conjecture about the outcome of a relationship among attributes or characteristics.
What are hypotheses?
200
A probability level that reflects the maximum risk you are willing to take that any observed differences are due to chance.
What is the significance level (or alpha level)?
200
The science of making inferences about a population based on a sample of that population.
What is inferential statistics?
200
Qualitative research procedures for describing analyzing, and interpreting a culture-sharing group's shared patterns of behavior, beliefs, and language that develop over time.
What are ethnographic designs?
300
A subgroup of the target population that the researcher plans to study for generalizing about the target population.
What is a sample?
300
A statement of intent used in quantitative research that specifies goals that the investigator plans to achieve in a study.
What is a research objective?
300
The area on a normal curve for low probability values if the null hypothesis is true.
What is the critical region?
300
Parametric test used to assess the differences between two means when data are scaled on an interval or ratio scale of measurement.
What is a t-test?
300
Research design in which researchers describe the lives of individuals, collect and tell stories about people's lives, an write narratives of individual experiences.
What is a narrative research design?
400
A statement that participants sign before they participate in research.
What is an informed consent form?
400
A characteristic or attribute of an individual or an organization that researchers can measure or observe and varies among individuals or organizations studied.
What is a variable?
400
Occurs when the null hypothesis is rejected by the researcher when it is actually true.
What is a type I error?
400
The number of variables that are "free to vary" in a statistical calculation.
What are degrees of freedom?
400
A procedure for collecting, analyzing, and "mixing" both quantitative and qualitative methods in a single study or a series of studies to understand a research problem.
What is a mixed methods research design?
500
The development of sound evidence to demonstrate that the test interpretation matches its proposed use.
What is validity?
500
An attribute or characteristic that is dependent on or influenced by the independent variable.
What is a dependent variable?
500
This occurs when the researcher fails to reject the null hypothesis when an effect actually occurs in the population.
What is a type II error?
500
The "peakedness" of a distribution.
What is kurtosis?
500
Research design where investigators use the correlational statistical test to describe and measure the degree of association between two or more variables or sets of scores.