Tenses
Explain at least 3 uses of the present simple. Give an example of each.
1. Habits 2. Permanent situations 3. Likes/dislikes
4. Timetables 5.General truths / Generalisations
Make passive: 'The chef cooks the meal.'
The meal is cooked by the chef
Change to reported: He said, 'I’m tired.'
He said (that) he was tired.
Ask a question for this answer: 'She enjoys hiking.'
What does she enjoy?
Complete: You ____ eat healthy food. (Advice)
should
Which tense is used to describe plans/arrangements? Give an example
Present continuous
Make passive: 'They cleaned the room.'
The room was cleaned
Change to reported: He said, 'I’ve never been here before.'
He said (that) he had never been there before.
Make an indirect question: 'Where is the post office?'
Can you tell me where the post office is?
Complete: You ____ run in the halls. (Prohibition)
mustn't
Explain the difference between past simple and present perfect simple. Give an example of each.
Past simple: finished actions at a general moment in the past (last year, yesterday, two months ago...)
Present perfect simple: Actions still relevant now/consequence now
Use causative: 'I / my hair / cut / yesterday'
I had my hair cut yesterday
What do we usually change in reported speech?
Pronouns and verb tenses
Turn into indirect question: 'Where is the station?'
Can you tell me where the station is?
What modal verb expresses ability in the present and the past? And which alternative do we use for polite situations or the future?
Can/Could > present/past
Polite/Future> Be able to
Which uses of the future can you use with "will"? Mention at least 3 uses.
1. Predictions based on opinions 2. Instant decisions / spontaneous offers 3. Future facts or certainty
4. Promises or refusals
Make passive: The cook was baking cakes all morning.
Cakes were being baked all morning
Reported command: 'Don’t touch that!' he said.
He told me not to touch that.
Ask the question for this answer: 'They have lived here for 5 years.'
How long have they lived here?
Rewrite using an appropriate modal verb: 'I'm sure she’s at home.'
She must be at home/ She has to be at home
Explain the difference between present perfect simple and past perfect simple and give an example of each.
Present perfect simple: the action has a result in the present/still relevant now.
Past perfect simple: You want to know which action happened first in the past.
Transform using causative: 'A mechanic fixed my car.'
I had my car fixed.
Report: 'I’ll help you if I can,' she said.
She said (that) she would help me if she could.
Form a complex indirect question: 'What time / the train / leave?'
Do you know what time the train leaves?
Correct: Could we take you to the train station? (Offer)
Shall we take you to the train station?