Vaccines
What type of vaccine is not recommendedfor immunocompromised patients?
Live-attenuated
What type of Immunoglobulin is released in T cell independent immune response?
IgM
What is it called when someone acquires an infection while in the hospital?
a nonsociomal infection
The word that describes viral replication
assembly
Loss of beta-cells (usually, due to autoimmunity)
Type 1 diabetes Mellitus
What needs to be done to a polysaccharide vaccine to initate a T cell response in addition to a B cell response?
add a protein to it
What enzyme in tears breaks down the peptidoglycan of bacteria?
lysozyme
What is the microbe responsible for causing rheumatic fever?
Strep Pyogenes
Name the proteins for orthomyxoviruses that
a. Help with virus attachment to host cells
B. help with viral escape after replication and release of new virus particles
Hemaglutinin
Neuraminidase
At what stage of labor is the Cervix dilated to 10 cm?
active phase of labor
What types of COVID Vaccines are recommended in the United States
_________________ blockers are able to used in the case of immune cell exhaustion in tumor treatment to improve outcomes
CTLA4
What common condition can occur if a large amount of antibioitics are prescribed to a patient and has a common presentation of psuedomembranes?
C diff colitis
SARS COV-2 is an enveloped virus that contains a ____ sense RNA genome. It has a ________ error rate replication
+, low
What does the urogenital ridge develop into in males
Wolffian or Mesonephric duct
How often is one supposed to get the Tdap vaccine after the initial dTaP vaccine course
every 10 years
What are the names of the common ligand and receptor expressed when a dendritic cell stimulates a naive T cell (what is the interaction)
B7/CD28
what commonly used antibiotic class is not effective against anaerobic bacteria?
Aminoglycosides
The receptor HIV uses for viral entry
CD4
From what layer of the Adrenal cortex do androgens get released from?
Zona reticularis
What is the vaccine given at birth
Hepatitis B
Mutation in transcription factor FOXP3→ unchecked activation of T cells against host tissue in which condition
IPEX syndrome
Lachnospiraceae
Ruminococcaceae
Eubacteriaceae
Produce this important energy source for coolonocytes
Butyrate
The only DNA virus to undergo reverse transcription
Hepatitis B
The transcription factor upregulated by SRY that commits cells to the sertoli lineage then later has positive feedack with FGF9 to consolidate testis differentiation
Sox9