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Anatomy of the heart
Pathway of Blood
Heart Conduction
Cardiac Cycle
Cardiac output and control
100
Cardiac muscle tissue is found in which layer of the heart? a. Endocardium b. Myocardium c. Epicardium d. Pericardium
What is the Myocardium
100
Blood is carried to the heart by these vessels. a. Arteries b. Veins c. Auricles d. Capillaries
What is Veins
100
This area is known as the pacemaker of the heart. a. AV node b. SA node c. Bundle of His d. Purkinje fibers
What is AV node
100
The lub-dup heart sounds heard during auscultation of the heart are associated with: a. the SA node firing. b. the heart valves opening. c. the heart valves closing. d. blood flowing from the ?atria to the ventricles.
What is the heart valves closing
100
The amount of blood pumped out of each ventricle in one minute is called: a. stroke volume. b. cardiac output. c. cardiac reserve. d. end diastolic volume.
What is cardiac output
200
This valve is found between the right atrium and the right ventricle. a. Mitral b. Tricuspid c. Bicuspid d. Semilunar
What is the Tricuspid
200
All oxygenated blood returns to the heart via the: a. pulmonary artery. b. pulmonary veins. c. aorta. d. venae cavae
What is pulmonary veins
200
The bundle of His is located here. a. Interatrial septum b. Interventricular septum c. Floor of the right atrium d. Apex of the heart
What is Interventricular septum
200
All four heart valves are closed during this time. a. All of ventricular systole b. All of ventricular diastole c. Ventricular ejection d. Isovolumetric contraction
What is Isovolumetric contraction
200
An increase in heart rate by the sympathetic nervous system is a: a. positive inotropic effect. b. negative inotropic effect. c. positive chronotropic effect. d. negative chronotropic ?effect.
What is positive chronotropic effect
300
The anterior surface of the heart consists mostly of this chamber. a. Right atrium b. Left atrium c. Right ventricle d. Left ventricle
What is the left ventricl
300
Blood being pumped out of the left ventricle enters the: a. pulmonary artery. b. aorta. c. coronary sinus. d. venae cavae
What is aorta
300
Atrial repolarization occurs during this period of time, seen on an EKG. a. P wave b. QRS complex c. T wave d. S-T segment
What is QRS complex
300
Blood flow during ventricular filling is most dependent upon ________. a. pressure changes b. pumping actions c. concentration gradients d. the conduction system
What is pressure changes
300
An increase in end diastolic volume would have which effect on cardiac output? a. Increase b. Decrease c. No effect d. Varies from person ?to person
What is Increase
400
These structures prevent prolapse of the atrioventricular valves. a. Chordae tendineae b. Crista terminalis c. Trabeculae carneae d. Intercalated discs
What is Chordae tendineae
400
Blood is prevented from flowing back into the left ventricle by the: a. aortic semilunar valve. b. tricuspid valve. c. pulmonary semilunar valve. d. mitral valve.
What is aortic semilunar valve
400
The entire ventricular myocardium is depolarized during this time on an EKG. a. S-T segment b. Q-T interval c. QRS complex d. T wave
What is S-T segment
400
During which part of the cardiac cycle would pressure in the ventricle be at its lowest? a. Mid-diastole b. Isovolumetric contraction c. Ventricular ejection d. Late systole
What is Mid-diastole
400
The parasympathetic nervous system decreases heart rate by: a. releasing norepinephrine. b. opening sodium gates. c. closing sodium gates. d. opening potassium gates
What is opening potassium gates
500
All of these structures can be identified in the ventricles except: a. trabeculae carneae. b. papillary muscles. c. pectinate muscles. d. chordae tendineae
What is pectinate muscles.
500
Deoxygenated blood from the myocardium enters the right atrium through the: a. cardiac veins. b. coronary arteries. c. coronary sinus. d. superior vena cava
What is coronary sinus
500
Nerve impulses are directly supplied to the papillary muscles by the: a. SA node. b. Purkinje fibers. c. AV node. d. bundle of His.
What is Purkinje fibers
500
The greatest decrease in ventricular pressure occurs at this time. a. Isovolumetric contraction b. Isovolumetric relaxation c. Ventricular systole d. Ventricular filling
What is Isovolumetric relaxation
500
The most important factor for stretching cardiac muscle is: a. heart rate. b. end systolic volume. c. end diastolic volume. d. stroke volume.
What is end diastolic volume