pharmacology
cardiology
neurology
endocrine
ABG
100
Drug class and example
-first line treatment for depression
-can take 1-3 weeks to take effect
-can cause sexual dysfunction, CNS stimulation, Serotonin syndrome
SSRI
fluoxetine, escitalopram, citalopram, sertraline
100
What rhythm am I?
Normal sinus rhythm
-atrial and ventricular rate equal and between 60-100
-PR interval constant
-P wave/QRS complex regular/uniform
100
Stroke like symptoms
Complete resolution of symptoms in less than 24 hours
Serves as a warning for future stroke
Caused by temporary disruption in blood flow
Transient ischemic attack (TIA)
100
cause by destruction to adrenal cortex
characteristics include: bronze skin (hyperpigmentation), hypoglycemia, hyponatremia, hyperkalemia
Addison's disease
100
interpret the ABG
pH 7.35
CO2 40
Bicarb 23
normal
200
-Cause vasodilation, excretion of Na/H2O by reducing release of aldosterone
-used for HTN, NF, stroke prevention, slow diabetic nephropathy, decrease cardiac death after MI
ARBs (-sartan)
200
What is the normal time range?
PR Interval
QRS complex
PR Interval 0.12-0.20 s
QRS complex <0.12 s
200
abnormal posturing caused by severe brain injury
characterized by rigid extension of arms, arched back, and downward pointing of toes
Decerebrate posturing
200
chronically elevated cortisol levels
characteristics include: "moon face," "buffalo hump," truncal obesity, purple striae
200
interpret the ABG
pH 7.23
CO2 67
bicarb 26
respiratory acidosis
300
-antagonizes vitamin K to prevent synthesis of factor VII, IX, X, and prothrombin
-for treatment of DVT/PE and in patients with afib/mechanical valves
Warfarin (coumadin)
300
what is the normal pacemaker of the heart?
What is the intrinsic rate?
SA node
60-100 bpm
300
What are the components of the GCS?
What are their maximum values?
What is the minimum/maximum value?
What is normal?
Eyes (4), Verbal (5), Motor (6)
GCS range 3-15
normal is 15
300
posterior pituitary disorder
characteristics include: ADH (vasopressin) deficiency, excessive urination
Labs: low urine specific gravity, low urine osmolality, high serum osmolality
diabetes insipidus
300
interpret the ABG
pH 7.32
CO2 40
bicarb 38
Metabolic acidosis
400
-used to induce labor
- contraindicated in sepsis, prolapsed cord, placental abnormalities
-requires continuous monitoring
Oxytocin
400
Name the rhythm
regularity: irregularly irregular
P waves: none
PR interval: can't be measured
Atrial fibrillation
400
a warning sign that patients experience right before a seizure starts
Aura
What is some education you can tell your patient for when they experience an aura
400
excessive release of ADH by the posterior pituitary gland leading to fluid retention
can be caused by head trauma, stroke, brain tumors that damage the hypotalmus
Labs: low serum sodium, low blood osmolality, high urine osmolality
SIADH
400
interpret the ABG
pH 7.50
CO2 42
bicarb 50
metabolic alkalosis
500
Rapid acting insulin
onset to minutes
peak 0.5-2.5 hours
duration 3-6 hours
Insulin lispro
500
Prolonged/consistent PR interval
QRS regular/uniform
first degree HB
500
What is cranial nerve number 3 and how do you test it?
The oculomoter nerve
direct and consensual response to light
accommodation
500
autoimmune endocrine disorder
characteristics include: hyperthyroidism, exophthalmos (bulging eyes)
most common cause of thyroid storm
Grave's disease
500
interpret the ABG
pH 7.48
CO2 44
bicarb 35
respiratory alkalosis