Spacewalk
Any time an astronaut gets out of a vehicle while in space, it is called a spacewalk. A spacewalk is also called an EVA. EVA stands for extravehicular activity.
What is a spacewalk also called? What does EVA stand for?
an EVA; extravehicular activity
Horses are beautiful creatures. They can be different colors, and can run quickly. People like to watch horses because they are strong and powerful.
Who likes to watch horses?
People
Winter break was fast approaching, and all Scott wanted to do was go snowboarding. Unfortunately, Scott’s parents had different plans. They had booked a weeklong tropical cruise.
What did Scott want to do?
go snowboarding
I always got a little nervous on the first day of school. I knew a lot of the other kids who would be in my class, and I had heard that the teacher was nice. There would still be a lot of new things, though. We would have new rules and new routines.
When do I always get a little nervous?
On the first day of school
Rocks can be different shapes, sizes, textures, and colors. There are 3 different types of rocks that can affect what a rock looks and feels
like. The three types of rocks are sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic.
What can the 3 types of rocks affect?
what a rock looks and feels like
Astronauts can do science experiments on a spacewalk. Experiments can be placed on the outside of a spacecraft. This lets scientists learn how being in space affects different things.
Where can experiments be placed?
outside of a spacecraft
Horses are mammals. Mammals are animals that have hair or fur, are warm-blooded, and usually give birth to live young. Horses have long legs, and big eyes that can see almost all the way around them.
What describes a mammal?
hair or fur, warm-blooded, give birth
Scott hated warm weather and asked if he could just stay at his best friend’s house so he could snowboard every day with his buddies at the local mountain. His parents didn’t want to hear anything of it. He kept debating them about the topic, but they would not change their minds.
What does Scott hate? Where did Scott want to stay?
Scott hates warm weather and wants to stay at his best friends house
We lined up outside, and for the first week the teachers held up signs with their names to help us find the right spot to line up. I knew where my friends are lined up, and quickly spotted the name “Mrs. Richardson” on one of the signs. She would be my new teacher for the year.
Who was my new teacher for the year?
Mrs. Richardson
Sedimentary rocks are a mixture of dirt, rocks, mud, shells, and other materials that are on the bottoms of oceans and other bodies of water, and get compacted together over many years. Sometimes you can even see different layers in sedimentary rocks. These types of rocks feel grainy, like sand, and are easier to crumble than other types of rocks. Sometimes sedimentary rocks will have plant or animal imprints!
What are sedimentary rocks a mixture of?
dirt, rocks, mud, shells, and other materials
Spacewalks also let astronauts test new equipment. They can repair satellites or spacecraft that are in space. By going on spacewalks, astronauts can fix things instead of bringing them back to Earth to fix.
What can astronauts repair in space?
Satellites or spacecraft
Young horses that are one year old or younger are called foals. A young female horse is called a filly, and a young male horse is called a colt. After 4 years, a horse is considered an adult.
What is a young female horse called?
What is a young male horse called?
filly; colt
When they arrived at the port to board the ship, Scott had a hard time admitting that he was actually impressed with the size of the ship. He had seen the brochures but seeing the ship in person was a whole different animal. Then he remembered that the brochure said something about a surfing pool.
What impressed Scott? What did the brochure say something about?
Scott was impressed by the size of the ship' Brochure said something about a surfing pool
I was very happy when I saw that my best friend was in the same class as me. When we entered the classroom, I saw that they sat right next to me in class. A new student sat on the other side of me and I was excited to make a new friend.
Who sat next to me in class?
My best friend and a new student
The second type of rock is the igneous rock. These rocks are created from magma that cools and hardens. Many rocks start out as igneous rocks. Igneous rocks have glass crystals filled with minerals in them. They do not usually have layers, and are very smooth.
What are these rocks created from?Magma that cools and hardens
One way astronauts train for spacewalks is by going for a swim. Floating in space is a lot like floating in water. Astronauts practice spacewalks underwater in a large swimming pool.
How do astronauts train for spacewalk? What is floating in space like?
Swimming; floating in water
Horses can live up to 20 or 25 years. Sometimes people can tell how old a horse is by looking at its teeth! They generally sleep standing up, so that if a predator approaches, they can run away quickly.
How can people tell how old a horse is?
by looking at its teeth
He hopped on the surfboard and took a stance similar to his snowboarding stance. Then the waves started. It felt similar to snowboarding but different at the same time. On his first ride, Scott rode for almost 30 seconds before wiping out. He was hooked though.
What felt similar to snowboarding? How many seconds did Scott ride for?
surfboarding, 30 seconds
We all sat quietly. Then Mrs. Richardson gave us a partner, asked us to introduce ourselves to each other, and asked us to share our thoughts with each other. The ideas my partner and I came up with were respect, honesty, teamwork, and fairness.
What ideas did my partner and I come up with?
Respect, honesty, teamwork, and fairness
The third type of rock is the metamorphic rock. These rocks are formed when the other types of rocks are subjected to intense heat and pressure to change them. Metamorphic rocks are hard and smooth, like igneous rocks.
What is the third rock?
What are Metamorphic rocks hard and smooth like?
Metamorphic and Igneous
Another way astronauts practice for a spacewalk is by using virtual reality. This is sort of like playing a video game. A video of what they will see during a spacewalk is shown on the screen inside the helmet. When the astronaut moves, the special gloves allow the movements to be shown with the video.
What is another was for astronauts to practice a spacewalk? What allows movements to be shown with the video?
virtual reality; special gloves
For food, horses eat foods such as grass, hay, oats, corn, apples, and carrots. They are herbivores, meaning they do not eat meat. Their stomachs are small, so they need small, frequent feedings.
What are herbivores?
What do horses eat?
Herbivores do not eat meat.
Horses eat grass, hay, oats, corn, apple, and carrots
A lot of the passengers tried surfing the first day of the cruise, but only eight people or so really took to it, so for the remainder of the cruise the lines weren’t very long, and Scott got to know the everyone quite well. By the time the weeklong cruise was over, Scott had new friends he planned to keep in touch with, a new hobby, and great memories. He apologized to his parents for initial moaning and groaning, and told them it was his best vacation ever.
Who did Scott plan to keep in touch with? Who did Scott apologize too?
new friends; his parents
After sharing with our partner, Mrs. Richardson asked two pairs to work together to decide on three values and write them down. Our group chose respect, cooperation, and fairness. When the groups were done, each group had a chance to present their ideas, and we voted on which three we would use as our classroom values.
Who did Mrs. Richardson ask to work together?
What values did the group chose?
Two pairs; respect, cooperation, fairness
Even though there are only three different types of rocks based on how they’re formed, each type actually has many different subcategories of rock. For example obsidian, granite, and basalt are three types of igneous rocks. This is why there are so many different colored rocks. Many people love to collect rocks because of how different each one can be.
What are 3 examples igneous rocks?
Obsidian, granite, basalt