Pathophysiology
This particle plays a role in maintaining the consistency of the cell membrane
What is cholesterol?
This is the amount of weight loss recommended in overweight patients with lipid abnormalities.
What is 10% weight loss?
This class is the first line therapy in lipid disorders
What are statins?
The LDL cholesterol optimal concentration
What is <100mg/dL?
This is the lipoprotein with the most lipid content and least protein.
What is chylomicron?
These three elements need to be minimized or eliminated from your diet to improve dyslipidemia.
What are saturated fats, excessive carbohydrates, and alcohol?
The brand name of this lipid lowering agent is Zetia
What is Ezetimibe?
This is the HDL goal in males
What is >40mg/dL?
Water soluble carrier proteins packed with different lipid molecules
What are lipoproteins?
These are the 4 statin benefit groups or patient management groups based on the guidelines.
What are: secondary prevention; severe hypercholesterolemia (LDL>190); diabetes in adults; primary prevention?
This lipid lowering class (be specific to the category) can lower LDL levels by 30-49%.
What is a moderate intensity statin?
This is when you need to check a lipid panel after starting a statin.
What is 4-12 weeks?
This is irreversible and the rate limiting step in cholesterol synthesis
What is the conversion of HMG-CoA into mevalonic acid and cholesterol via HMG-CoA reductase?
These 4 conditions are considered major ASCVD events that put patient at very high risk.
What are: recent ACS (within 12 months), MI, ischemic stroke, PAD?
These three classes work in treating hypertriglyceridemia.
What are fibric acids, nicotinic acid and omega 3 fatty acids?
The Friedewald equation
What is TC - (HDL + TG/5)?
The production of this is affected by estrogen levels in the body
What is apolipoprotein A-1?
A 67 year old male with history of MI, DM and HTN who is already on a high intensity statin has an LDL of 85mg/dL. Is there a need for intervention and if so, what do you recommend?
Add ezetimibe to max statin (secondary prevention, very high risk, LDL>70)
These drugs are part of the PCSK-9 inhibitors class.
What are Evolocumab (Repatha), Alirocumab (Praluent), and inclisiran (Leqvio)?
In a female patient, presence of TG of _________ in combination with waist circumference of _________ and blood glucose of ______ will indicate metabolic syndrome.
What is TG ≥ 175 mg/dL, waist circumference of ≥ 88 cm and fasting plasma glucose ≥ 110mg/dL (6.1mmol/L)?