Design
•Using words as the data units; goal is to describe and understand human behaviors
•Is it qualitative research?
Recruiting easily accessible subjects for a research study; everybody who is available is asked to participate
•What is convenience sample?
•A ratio-level of measurement scale from 0 to 10 mm in length where “0” is no attribute is present and “10” is the largest level of attribute present
•What is Visual Analog Scale (VAS)?
•The branch of mathematics that collects, analyzes, interprets, and presents numerical data in terms of samples and populations
•What is Statistics?
A test for content validity when colleagues examine a questionnaire and are asked whether it appears to measure the concept correctly
What is face validity?
•Designs involving random assignment to groups and manipulation of the independent variable
•Are these experimental designs?
Sampling method used in qualitative research when participants who experienced a specific phenomenon are recruited only
What is purposive sampling?
•Lowest level of measurement in research; labels or categories; only frequencies and percentages can be reported
•What is nominal level of measurement?
•Description of data that presents/explains characteristics of subjects participated in the study
•What is Descriptive Statistics?
Validity threat: During a study examining nurses’ job satisfaction, the union decides to hold a strike
What is history threat?
•Comparisons are made about the same subjects in one group
•Is it within-groups design?
•Selection of every kth subject from numbered list of all elements in accessible population; starting point is randomly selected
•What is systematic random sampling?
•An ordinal level of measurement scale consisting of statements when subjects have to express level of agreement/disagreement with the statement
•What is Likert scale?
•A descriptive (and inferential) statistic ranging from 0 to 1 (+ or -) that is used to describe the strength and magnitude of relationship among two variables
•What is correlation coefficient?
Validity threat: Subjects’ behavior may be affected by knowing about participation in research or desire to please the researcher
What is Hawthorne effect?
•Experimental design with four groups – some receive intervention, others serve as controls; some are measured before and after, others are measured only after the intervention
•Is it Solomon four-groups design?
•Nonprobability sampling method involving selection of subjects from an accessible population that has been divided into groups
•What is quota sampling?
•Nominal level of measurement when only two possible fixed responses exist such as Yes or No
•What is dichotomous measurement?
•Use of Statistics to describe the relationships/ differences among three or more variables
•What is Multivariate Analysis?
Validity threat: Occurs when changes in participants over time affect the study outcomes
What is a maturation threat?
This type of experimental design compares different groups of participants to examine the effect of a treatment or variable
What is a between-group research design?
This method selects entire subgroups randomly from a population for study
What is cluster sampling?
This qualitative method involves asking participants open-ended questions to gather in-depth insights.
What are interviews?
This statistic is calculated by adding all values and dividing by the number of values.
What is the mean?
This statistic assesses how consistently a set of test items measures a single construct.
What is Cronbach's alpha?