Lab Values
Sodium normal range.
135-145
What is the antidote for opioids, in case of overdose.
What is the difference between muscle atrophy and muscle hypertrophy?
Muscle atrophy is a loss of muscle mass. Muscle hypertrophy is an increase of your muscle mass.
Potassium normal range.
3.5-5.1
What does NSAID stand for and describe its' use.
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are used to relieve pain, reduce inflammation, and bring down a high temperature.
What are 2 assessments that must be completed prior to ambulation with/post an epidural?
Postural hypotension
Motor strength
What does TSH stand for? Where is it produced?
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone. TSH is produced by the pituitary gland.
Describes the MOA (mechanism of action) of Lasix/Furosemide.
Furosemide is a loop diuretic that acts on the kidneys to ultimately increase water loss from the body. Furosemide is used for edema secondary to various clinical conditions, such as congestive heart failure exacerbation, liver failure, renal failure, and high blood pressure. It mainly works by inhibiting electrolyte reabsorption from the kidneys and enhancing the excretion of water from the body.
Patients with ORIF of a fracture are most at risk for:
A) compartment syndrome
B) nerve damage
C) delayed healing
D) infection
D) infection
What does BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen) indicate?
Bonus 50* if you can name the cardiac condition that elevates this lab value.
In relation to kidney function. Elevated levels could mean damage. (Related to kidney disease, urinary tract infection, dehydration, *heart failure).
The CPNBI (continuous peripheral nerve block infusion) seen on our units, what is the name of the drug used?
Ropivacaine.
What is Buck's Traction?
Traction used to treat fractures, realign broken bones, restore length, correct contractures or deformities and for knee immobilization. This lessens/eliminates muscular spams, reduces pressure on nerves, reduces skeletal abnormalities. *Commonly in the management of femoral fractures.
Patients taking Warfarin, what is the INR goal.
What is the expected "normal" INR of the day to day person?
On Warfarin 2-3.5
Off 0.9-1.1
What is the antidote to Heparin, in case of overdose.
Bonus 50* if you can also name it's medication class.
Protamine Sulphate.
Cationic peptide. Antidote.
A patient is having an adverse reaction to a PRBC (packed red blood cell) transfusion. They're becoming tachycardic, hypotensive, increased work of breathing (by visible intercostal retractions & tracheal tug) and developing a rash. What immediate actions should be taken (x9)? (1 = must be right action).
Bonus 100* What type of shock?
1. Stop PRBC infusion 2. Pull back what you can from IV 3. Call MD/help + O2 administration 4. Epinephrine 1:1000 dose IM 5. Fluid bolus 6. Assess 7.Antihistamine 8. Cortisone 9. Save blood bag & tag + complete reaction form for BB
Bonus* Distributive → Anaphylactic