Cirrhosis
List 6 causes of Cirrhosis
HBV, HCV, HIV, celiac, MASH, autoimmune hepatitis, PSC, PBC, Wilson's, hemochromatosis, alpha-one antitrypsin deficiency, R heart failure, Budd chiari,
How is MASH diagnosed?
liver biopsy
5 causes of heart failure
ischemia, valvular disease, any of the cardiomyopathies, HTN, hyperthyroidism
Why does Dr House have a limp?
Infarct in R leg
Diagnosis of DM2, fasting, random, HbA1c and GTT
Fasting >7; Random >11.1, GTT >11.1, HbA1c >6.5
What is platypnea?
SOB on sitting upright, improved with lying down.
Most common cause of death in patients with MAFLD
Cardiovascular disease
List 4 CXR findings in pulmonary edema
bronchial splaying, pleural effusions, Kerley B lines, cardiomegaly, cephalization, peri bronchial cuffing
Greys Anatomy Derek's famous saying?
Blood pressure and LDL target in diabetics
<130/80; <2 LDL
Diagnosis and treatment of HRS
Diagnosis of exclusion (stop nephrotoxic and albumin/re-hydrate)
Octreotide, albumin, midodrine
How do you screen for clinically significant fibrosis in MAFLD
FIB-4 +/- fibroscan
What are the 4 medications that improve mortality in HF
MRA, beta-blocker, ACEi/ARB, SGLT2i
How did Michael from the office burn his foot?
On a George Foreman grill
Which 4 diabetic agents cause weight loss?
List 3 Indications for Albumin
Para >5L, SBP, HRS
Which medications are currently going through trials to determine their role in MAFLD
Mounjaro and semaglutide
How to monitor response to diuresis and the goals
Weight 1.5lb/1kg/day
Urine 100-150cc/hr, 3L/24h
Name of the town Vampire Diaries is based in?
Mystic falls
Indication for Statin therapy in Diabetics
>45yo, 15 years from age of diagnosis if >30, CV risk factors
Indications for SBP prophylaxis.
Previous SBP, GIB, ascitic fluid protein <15 + renal or liver dysfunction
How does Vascepa differ from Omega-3 fatty acids
Omega-3 FA's:EPA and DHA FAs (increase LDL)
Vascepa: only contains EPA fatty acid
True or False; iron deficiency can lead to more frequent HF exacerbations
True: give iron if ferritin <100; or ferritin 100-299 w TSAT <20%
Who was Bart Simpson's Teacher?
Mrs Krabappel
List 2 autoantibodies in DM1. Would c-peptide be high or low?
ZnT8, anti-GAD, anti-insulin, anti-beta-islet cell, anti-tyrosine phosphatase.
C-peptide low