Present Simple vs. Continuous
I __ (study) every evening.
Lara __ (call) me last night.
Lara called me last night.
Which tense is being used here?
I have made a presentation for this class.
Present Perfect
Which tense is being used here?
I have been waiting for two hours in the cold!
Present Perfect Continuous
What tense is being used?
The train leaves at 6:30.
Present Simple (used for schedules)
Look! It __ (snow).
Loo! It is snowing.
My parents were watching a movie when I arrived.
Which tense is being used here?
Joseph had finished his thesis before the deadline.
Past Perfect
Which tense is being used here?
Heather had been waiting for an hour when I called her.
Past Perfect Continuous
What tense is being used?
Tim is meeting his friend after class.
Present Continuous (used for future arrangements)
What is Present Simple used for?
for habits, routines, the laws of nature
What is Past Simple used for?
for a finished past action
Which tense is being used here?
By the end of the year, the band will have released their new album.
Future Perfect
Which tense is being used here?
By this time next year, George will have been living in San Francisco for two decades.
Future Perfect Continuous
We __ (fly) to Rome tomorrow.
We are flying to Rome tomorrow.
What is Present Continuous used for?
for actions happening at the time of speaking
What is Past Continuous used for?
for what was happening at a certain time in the past
By the end of 2026, I __ (collect) enough money to buy a new bike.
By the end of 2026, I will have collected enough money to buy a new bike.
My cat __ (cry) all morning when I decided to give her more food.
My cat had been crying all morning when I decided to give her more food.
Rewrite the phase using a present tense!
The concert will start at 10.
The concert starts at 10.
Which tense is being used and how does it change the meaning?
1. We go to Lake Balaton.
vs.
2. We are going to Lake Balaton.
1. meaning: it's a habit, e.g. we go every year
2. meaning: we are going there right now
Put the verbs in the correct tense(s) and explain you choice!
Irina __ (bake) a cake when her grandpa __ (arrive).
Marina was baking a cake when her grandpa arrived.
She was baking a cake at the time when he arrived.
Explain the difference!
1. I have read this book.
vs.
2. I read this book last week.
1. unspecified time
2. specific time
What is the function of the "have been doing" forms?
emphasizing the duration or the continuity of an action
What's the difference? (Both are about the future!)
1. I'm going to visit Prague.
2. I'm visiting Prague.
1. intention
2. arrangement