PROBABILITY
A fair die is rolled. What is the probability of obtaining an even number?
a) 1/3 b) 2/3 c) 1/2 d) 5/6
Answer: c) 1/2
Which of the following distributions is used to model the number of successes in a fixed number of independent trials?
a) Normal b) Binomial c) Poisson d) Uniform
b) Binomial
The measure of central tendency that divides the dataset into two equal halves is:
a) Mean b) Median c) Mode d) Range
b) Median
A coin is tossed once. What is the probability of getting a head?
a) 0 b) 1/2 c) 1/3 d) 1
b) 1/2
You want to show how your daily tea vs. coffee intake changes across a week. What’s the BEST chart?
a) Line chart
b) Pie chart (7 slices for 7 days, good luck 😂)
c) Histogram
d) Scatter plot
a) Line chart
A bag contains 5 red and 3 blue balls. One is drawn at random. If it’s red, you win ₹10; if it’s blue, you lose ₹10. What is the expected value of this game?
a) ₹2.50 b) ₹3.00 c) ₹1.25 d) ₹0.00
a) ₹2.50
The mean and variance of a Poisson distribution are:
a) Equal b) Mean > Variance c) Mean < Variance d) Independent
a) Equal
Q: The square root of variance is called:
a) Range b) Standard Deviation c) Coefficient of Variation d) Skewness
b) Standard Deviation
A fair die is rolled. What is the probability of obtaining a number greater than 4?
a) 1/6 b) 1/3 c) 1/2 d) 2/3
c) 1/2
Which chart is most likely to make your professor angry if you use it for showing percentage data that adds up to more than 100?
a) Pie chart
b) Bar chart
c) Box plot
d) Area chart
a) Pie chart
A card is drawn from a well-shuffled standard deck of 52 cards. What is the probability that it is either a king or a heart?
a) 4/13 b) 17/52 c) 16/52 d) 13/52
a) 4/13
If a test statistic falls in the extreme ends of a probability distribution curve, this usually indicates:
a) A strong null hypothesis b) A weak variance c) A rejection region d) A uniform sample
c) A rejection region
If the mean = 20, median = 18, and mode = 16, the distribution is:
a) Symmetric b) Positively Skewed c) Negatively Skewed d) Uniform
b) Positively Skewed
A box contains 5 red balls and 3 blue balls. One ball is drawn at random. What is the probability of drawing a red ball?
a) 3/8 b) 5/8 c) 1/2 d) 2/5
b) 5/8
A dataset of exam scores (0–100) is grouped into intervals of width 10. How many bars will appear in the histogram?
a) 5
b) 9
c) 10
d) 11
c) 10
A box contains 2 defective and 8 non-defective bulbs. Two are drawn without replacement. What is the probability that at least one is defective?
a) 17/45 b) 19/45 c) 23/45 d) 27/45
b) 19/45
Which distribution is most appropriate for modeling the number of arrivals at a service counter per minute? a) Binomial b) Poisson c) Exponential d) Normal
b) Poisson
In a dataset, the coefficient of variation (CV) is defined as:
a) σ / μ × 100 b) μ / σ × 100 c) σ² / μ d) μ² / σ
a) σ / μ × 100
A card is drawn from a well-shuffled deck of 52 cards. What is the probability of drawing a face card (Jack, Queen, or King)?
a) 3/13 b) 1/4 c) 9/52 d) 1/3
d) 1/3
You are analyzing sales data for 12 months and want to detect seasonality patterns. Which visualization is best?
a) Scatter plot with regression line
b) Line chart with time on x-axis
c) Histogram
d) Box plot of months
b) Line chart with time on x-axis
A biased coin has probability 0.6 of landing heads. If it is tossed 5 times, what is the probability of getting exactly 3 heads?
a) 0.3456 b) 0.3125 c) 0.2646 d) 0.4000
a) 0.3456
An exam has 100 multiple-choice questions with 4 options each. A student guesses all answers randomly. Which distribution best models the number of correct answers, and which distribution could approximate it for large sample size?
a) Binomial, approximated by Normal
b) Poisson, approximated by Normal
c) Geometric, approximated by Exponential
d) Binomial, approximated by Poisson
a) Binomial, approximated by Normal
wo datasets have the same mean but different standard deviations. What does this indicate? a) Both datasets are identical b) One dataset is more consistent than the other c) The datasets are symmetric d) The datasets have the same spread
b) One dataset is more consistent than the other
Two dice are rolled. What is the probability that the sum is equal to 7?
a) 1/12 b) 1/6 c) 5/36 d) 7/36
b) 1/6
You have 3 numerical variables: Age, Salary, and Experience. Which visualization best represents the relationship among all three simultaneously?
a) 3D scatter plot
b) Parallel coordinates plot
c) Bubble chart
d) Heatmap
c) Bubble chart