Acid-Base Imbalances
An acid that is regulated by the lungs
What is carbon dioxide (CO2)?
An electrolyte imbalance you may see in a patient with multiple fractures, shortness of breath, and tetany.
What is hypocalcemia?
The digestive hormone that promotes gastric emptying
What is Gastrin?
Type of incontinence where someone has the sudden need to urinate, quickly followed by bladder contraction and urination.
A yellow pigment formed during the breakdown of red blood cells
What is bilirubin?
pH: 7.5
CO2: 40
HCO3: 35
What is metabolic alkalosis?
The electrolyte with a normal range of 9-10.5
What is calcium?
Type of obstruction that includes adhesions and hernias
What is mechanical obstruction?
Type of incontinence that occurs due to a physical or cognitive limitation rather than an abnormality in the urinary tract.
What is functional incontinence?
Types of hepatitis that there are vaccines for
What is Hepatitis A and Hepatitis B?
An acid-base imbalance seen in patients with renal disease
What is metabolic acidosis?
The electrolyte with a normal range of 1.6 to 2.5
What is magnesium?
This is caused from a bowel obstruction that has ruptured where contents from the intestines leak into the peritoneal space
What is peritonitis?
The type of UTI that causes flank pain, chills, fever, nausea and vomiting
What is an Upper UTI or Pyelonephritis?
Swollen veins in the esophagus caused by portal hypertension
What are esophagael varices?
An acid-base imbalance seen in patients with excessive diarrhea
What is metabolic acidosis?
An electrolyte imbalance that inhibits the secretion of ADH and triggers aldosterone secretion
What is hyponatremia?
2 signs and symptoms of a bowel obstruction
What are vomiting, abdominal distention, constipation, dehydration
An inflammation of the glomeruli of the kidney which occurs as a result of a strep infection and causes periorbital edema
What is glomerulonephritis?
Confusion or altered brain function caused by a buildup of ammonia that a damaged liver can not filter out
What is hepatic encephalopathy?
An acid-base imbalance you may see in a patient with broken ribs
Something you assess or a sign you might see in a patient who presents with bleeding gums and mucous membranes, dysrhythmias, tingling and numbness in the lips, nose and ears, and diarrhea
What is Chvosteks or Trousseaus sign?
2 educational points provided to patients to prevent a bowel obstruction
What are maintain a high-fiber diet, stay hydrated, exercise regularly, avoid foods hard to digest?
A secondary disorder that occurs as a result of lupus or diabetes and manifests a frothy urine
Two liver enzymes that are elevated in liver disease
What are AST and ALT?