Functional Groups
The reagent used to test Aldehydes.
Tollen's Reagent
What are THREE properties of Esters?
- Pleasant, fruity Odor
- Colourless Liquid
- Insoluble in Water
Soluble in Organic Solvents
How is Biodiesel Made?
Transesterification
Why is no change observed when tertiary alcohols are tested?
They are resistant to oxidation
What is the reaction which forms Esters?
Condensation
How does the concentration affect the rate of Saponification?
If more alkali is added, the reaction becomes irreversible.
-COOH is the functional group for
Carboxylic Acids
THREE Uses for Esters
•Flavorings and fragrances.
•Plasticizers.
•Solvents (paints, varnishes).
•Biodiesel production
What are the compounds used to make Biodiesel?
Triglycerides and Alcohol
Tollen's Reagent, Fehling's Solution and Potassium Dichromate (VI) is used to test for
Ketones
Substances that are used to improve the plasticity and flexibility of compounds and reduce their brittleness.
Plasticizers
What is Saponification?
The alkaline hydrolysis of esters into soap and alcohol.
What is the name of the reaction that occurs when Alkenes and Alkynes react with bromine water
An Electrophilic Reaction
Draw the Structural Formula for Ethyl Ethanoate
How to minimize saponification
•Use supercritical methods (no catalyst).
•Apply solid absorbents or ion-exchange resins post-reaction.