Neurotransmitters
Which neurotransmitter is associated with feeling calm?
GABA
_______ identifies patterns of addiction in populations
Epidemiology
Give me two legal and two illegal examples of stimulants
Legal: Caffeine, Nicotine, Amphetamines
Illegal: Cocaine, Metaphetamines, MDMA
What is the best known and most researched psychedelic?
LSD
Cannabis contains which two psychoactive compounds?
THC and CBD
The neurotransmitter most associated with learning, memory, and forming new neural pathways is _____
Glutamate
The core of the reward circuit is one of the brain pathways for dopamine is called the:
Mesolimbic Dopamine Pathway
What does a stimulant do to the body?
increase cognitive function and cause a state of alertness, attention, talkativeness, energy, and wellbeing, speed up messages between brain and body
Describe the two major categories of psychedelics
Seritonergic and Dissociative
THC binds to what receptors and affects what??
Binds to CB1 receptors and affects mood, memory, and perception
The primary neurotransmitter that affects the fight or flight response is:
Adrenaline
Name 3 key areas of the brain affected by addiction:
Prefrontal Cortex, Nucleus Accumbens, and Amygdala
Jittery reactions, Anxiety, Chills, Dehydration, Dulled senses, Slowed speech, Loss of interest, Slowed movements, Slow heart rate, Irritability
Describe what ketamine is and does:
ketamine causes mind-altering effects, often described as feeling detached from one's body or environment (dissociation).
CBD works by stimulating what receptors? Where is it primarily found?
CB2 receptors primarily found in gut/immune system
Serotonin
An _____ is a substance—such as a drug, hormone, or neurotransmitter—that binds to a specific cell receptor and activates it
Agonist
Describe the pharmacological treatment of stimulant use:
Pharmacological treatment of stimulant use is different for each phase of use. During acute intoxication, medications can be used to block effects of dopamine/norepinephrine. During withdrawal, medications are used to reduce craving
Describe psychotomimetic:
ability for these drugs to mimic psychoses or induce psychotic states
Explain where the CB1 receptors are located
Explain the process of reuptake
Reuptake is a process in which excess neurotransmitters are reabsorbed by the neuron that released them after they have transmitted their message across the synaptic gap. (for later use)
the dopamine pathways from ___ to the ____ is critical to addiction
VTA to the NAc
(ventral tegmental area) to the (nucleus accumbens)
_______ is a potent Stimulant used to treat ADHD and narcolepsy by increasing neurotransmitter activity, specifically dopamine and norpinephrine
Dextroamphetamine
Psilocybin is what type of hallucinogen?
Seritonergic
The CB1 receptor is a major _________ receptor primarily located in the central nervous system
G-protein-coupled receptor